Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini

Getting Started

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Quick Start from Template

Create a site

Configure your new site

Add your content

Publish your site

Your site will automatically publish ~1-5 minutes after you commit (save) changes to files in your GitHub repository.

Let’s customize your new site:

Project Structure Configuration Create content

Customizing Hugo

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

View the full docs at

Project Structure

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Folder Structure

There are 4 main folders for Hugo-based sites:

content/ for your Markdown-formatted content files (homepage, etc.)
- _index.md the homepage (Hugo requires that the homepage and archive pages have an underscore prefix)
assets/
- media/ for your media files (images, videos)
  - icons/custom/ upload any custom SVG icons you want to use
config/_default/ for your site configuration files
- hugo.yaml to configure Hugo (site title, URL, Hugo options, setup per-folder page features)
- module.yaml to install or uninstall Hugo themes and plugins
- params.yaml to configure Hugo Blox options (SEO, analytics, site features)
- menus.yaml to configure your menu links (if the menu is enabled in params.yaml)
- languages.yaml to configure your site’s language or to set language-specific options in a multilingual site
static/uploads/ for any files you want visitors to download, such as a PDF
go.mod sets the version of Hugo themes/plugins which your site uses

Hugo File Naming Convention

Hugo gives us two options to name standard page files: as TITLE/index.md or TITLE.md where TITLE is your page name.

The page name should be lowercase and using hyphens (-) instead of spaces.

Both approaches result in the same output, so you can choose your preferred approach to naming and organizing files. A benefit to the folder-based approach is that all your page’s files (such as images) are self-contained within the page’s folder, so it’s more portable if you wish to share the original Markdown page with someone.

The homepage is a special case as Hugo requires the homepage and listing pages to be named _index.md.

The docs navigation is automatically generated based on the content in the docs/ folder and is sorted alphabetically.

The order of pages can be changed by adding the weight parameter in the front matter of your Markdown files.

In the example below, the example.md page will appear before the test.md page as it has a lower weight:

Page example.md:

---
title: My Example
weight: 1
---

Page test.md:

---
title: My Test
weight: 2
---

Configuration

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

The configuration of your site can be found in config/_default/.

Full Documentation

See

Links are automatically generated from the structure of your content directory. Simply add a folder to nest a page.

Extra Links

Additional links can be added under the sidebar section of your config/_default/menus.yaml:

menu:
  sidebar:
    - name: "Need help?"
      params:
        type: separator
      weight: 1
    - name: "A page"
      pageRef: "/page-filename-here"
      weight: 2
    - name: "An external link ↗"
      url: "https://hugoblox.com"
      weight: 3

A table of contents is automatically generated from the headings your Markdown file.

It can optionally be disabled by setting toc: false in the front matter of a page:

---
title: My Page
toc: false
---

2026-03: Sencillamente - Hakuna Group Music

Sat, 21 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A profound Catholic worship song about faith, trust, and loving God unconditionally, regardless of feelings or circumstances.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Sencillamente - Hakuna Group Music

Creo, sencillamente Quiero disfrutar de la serenidad del creer Desligar el creer del sentir Creo, mi Dios, y basta.

Te creo en tus misterios Sin entenderlos Te creo en mí (te creo en mí) y en el pan blanco En el prójimo y en la creación Sin verte en ningún lado.

Creo, Señor, sencillamente Porque creer es confiar Y cómo me gusta creerte sintiendo dudas Sintiendo dudas Sintiendo dudas.

Digo que eres amor Escucho que soy tu amado No siento y qué más da Te quiero y eso basta.

Amor, Señor, sencillamente Porque amar es entregarse Y cómo me gusta amarte estando frío Estando frío Estando frío.

Espero en tu palabra Vivo en tu promesa Gozo en ti Lo que aún me falta.

Espero Señor, sencillamente Porque esperar es descansar Y cómo me gusta esperarte sintiendo miedo Sintiendo miedo Sintiendo miedo.

Creo (Señor sencillamente) Amo (sencillamente) Espero Cómo me gusta seguirte sintiendo dudas Estando frío Sintiendo miedo.

Cómo me gusta Cómo me gusta Creerte, amarte y esperarte.

Te sigo sencillamente

2026-01: The Show - Kerris Dorsey

Tue, 20 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Kerris Dorsey’s acoustic cover of “The Show” (famously featured in Moneyball) is a gentle, intimate song about embracing the uncertainty of life and love by letting go of control and simply enjoying the experience.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

The Show - Kerris Dorsey

I'm just a little bit caught in the middle Life is a maze and love is a riddle I don't know where to go, I can't do it alone, I've tried And I don't know why.

Slow it down, make it stop Or else my heart is going to pop 'Cause it's too much, yeah, it's a lot To be something I'm not I'm a fool out of love 'Cause I just can't get enough.

Yeah, I'm just a little bit caught in the middle Life is a maze and love is a riddle I don't know where to go, I can't do it alone, I've tried And I don't know why I am just a little girl, lost in the moment I'm so scared but I don't show it I can't figure it out, it's bringing me down, I know I've got to let it go and just enjoy the show.

The sun is hot in the sky Just like a giant spotlight The people follow the signs and synchronize in time It's a joke, nobody knows They've got a ticket to that show.

Yeah, I'm just a little bit caught in the middle Life is a maze and love is a riddle I don't know where to go, I can't do it alone, I've tried And I don't know why.

I am just a little girl, lost in the moment I'm so scared but I don't show it I can't figure it out, it's bringing me down, I know I've got to let it go and just enjoy the show Just enjoy the show I'm just a little bit caught in the middle Life is a maze and love is a riddle I don't know where to go, I can't do it alone, I've tried And I don't know why I am just a little girl, lost in the moment I'm so scared but I don't show it I can't figure it out, it's bringing me down, I know I've got to let it go and just enjoy the show.

Dum de dum, dudum de dum Just enjoy the show Dum de dum, dudum de dum Just enjoy the show.

I want my money back I want my money back I want my money back Just enjoy the show I want my money back I want my money back I want my money back Just enjoy the show.

Te sigo sencillamente

2025-11: Non fa paura - Bandabardo/Cisco

Sun, 02 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

An anthem of resilience and friendship that encourages overcoming fear and adversity through togetherness, urging listeners to keep singing and looking forward to returning to the streets.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Non fa paura - Bandabardo/Cisco

Strada vuota, forestiera Nella notte fredda e nera Luce spaventosa di sirena Non fa paura se sei qui con me Non fa paura se sei qui con me.

Porte chiuse, niente luci Giorni lunghi senza voci Uomini impauriti, più confusi Non fa paura se sei qui con me Non fa paura se sei qui con me.

[Ritornello] Canta a squarciagola alla finestra Che il dolore piano svanirà Torneremo presto sulla strada Tutto il mondo intero ci vedrà.

Mondo strano, spaventato Mondo piccolo e spietato Mondo che ogni giorno è più malato Non fa paura se sei qui con me Non fa paura se sei qui con me.

[Ritornello] Canta a squarciagola alla finestra Che il dolore piano svanirà Torneremo presto sulla strada Tutto il mondo intero ci vedrà.

[Outro] Mondo in festa e animato Mondo vivo, è rinato Ora è tutto bello e colorato Non fa paura se sei qui con me Non fa paura se sei qui con me Non fa paura se sei qui con me.

2025-05: Keiner kann mich ändern - Unantastbar

Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A defiant punk rock anthem about self-assertion and uncompromising authenticity, proclaiming that despite criticism or attempts to change them, they will remain true to themselves.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Keiner kann mich ändern (No one can change me) - Unantastbar

Ich bin wie Feuer, Feuer, das nie ausgeht Ein Sturm, den niemand aufhält Wie Regen, der endlos fällt Ein Bild, das nicht jedem gefällt Ein Vagabund, der endlich heimwill Jemand, der für immer sein will Ein lauter Knall Schneller, schneller als der Schall.

[Refrain] Keiner, keiner, keiner, keiner, keiner kann mich ändern Ihr habt's schon tausendmal versucht Doch tausendmal war nicht genug Denn keiner, keiner, keiner, keiner, keiner kann mich ändern Auch wenn ihr mich dafür verflucht Ich bleibe, wie ich bin Ich bleibe, wie ich bin.

[Manchma' fühl' ich mich alleine Manchma' bin ich mittendrinn Oft hab' ich alles verlor'n Auf der Suche nach dem Sinn Bin mein Leben lang gelaufen Nur mein Schatten neben mir Oft verlor'n Doch immer wieder neugebor'n You might also like.

[Interlude] Auch wenn ihr's schon tausendmal versucht habt Auch wenn ihr es immer und immer wieder versucht Ihr werdet mich niemals ändern Go!.

[Instrumental].

2025-05: Contrabando de amor - 2' and Vicentico

Sat, 03 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This 2019 collaboration between punk rock band 2 Minutos and Vicentico (of Los Fabulosos Cadillacs) on “Contrabando de Amor” is a high-energy punk cover of the classic 1989 Los Fabulosos Cadillacs song.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Contrabando de amor - 2’ and Vicentico

Si en este cielo hay un Dios Que me enseñe a aguantar A este tipo infeliz que llegó para robar Si en este cielo hay un Dios, que me enseñe a destrozar El maldito grabador que no para de sonar.

[Pre-Coro] Vamos a decir, vamos a romper Ritmo en tus rodillas.

Prepara tu canción y no esperes mucho más Date vuelta y salí, y un hachazo al mezclador Y nuestro nombre va a estar Encendido en un cartel Solo hay que juntar mucha arena en los pies.

[Pre-Coro] Vamos a romper, vamos a decir Ritmo en tus rodillas.

[Coro] Glori-gloria a morirme en tus brazos de luz El amor no me deja pensar Glori-gloria a morirme con vos mujer Esta música rompe mis pies.

2025-05: Nuvole Bianche - Ludovico Einaudi

Sat, 03 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This is a majestic 2004 solo piano piece by Ludovico Einaudi, known for its minimalist, emotionally evocative style that conveys calm, serenity, and a gently bittersweet mood reminiscent of watching white clouds drift across the sky.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Nuvole Bianche - Ludovico Einaudi

(Acustic).

2024-11: Pulènta e galèna frègia - Davide Van de Sfroos

Thu, 28 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This is a deeply nostalgic and melancholic folk song sung in the Laghée dialect of Lake Como, wich evokes themes of solitude, memory, and the bittersweet atmosphere of the day after a big celebration.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Pulènta e galèna frègia" (Polenta and cold chicken) - Davide Van de Sfroos

Pulènta e galèna frègia E un fantasma in söe la veranda Barbèra cume' petròli E anca la löena me paar che sbanda Cadrèga che fa frecàss E buca vèrta che diis nagòtt Dumà la radio sgraffigna l'aria E i pensee fànn un gran casòtt.

L'è mea vèra che nel silenzio Dorma dumà la malincunìa L'è mea vèra che un tuscanèll L'è mea bòn de fa una puesìa In questa stanza senza urelògg Bàla la fata, bàla la stria E in questu siit senza la lüüs Che diis tücoos l'è duma' l'umbrìa.

Scùlta el veent che pìca la pòrta In cràpa una nìgula e in bràsc una sporta El diis che g'ha deent un bel regàal Me sa che l'è el sòlito tempuraal Scùlta i spiriti e scùlta i fulètt Ranpèghen in söel müür e sòlten föe dei cassètt G'hann söe i vestii de quand sèri penènn Ne vànn e ne vègnen cun't el büceer del vènn.

E la candela la sta mai ferma La se möev cumè la memoria E anca el ràgn söe la balaüstra Ricàma el quadru de la sua storia La ragnatela di mè pensèe La ciàpa tütt quèll che rüva scià Ma tanti voolt la g'ha troppi böcc E l'è tüta de rammendà.

La finestra la sbàtt i all Ma la sà che po' mea na' via E i stèll g'hann la facia lüstra Cumè i öcc de la nustalgìa In questa stanza senza nissöen Vàrdi luntàn e se vedi in facia In questa stanza de un òltru teemp I mè fantasmi i làssen la traccia.

Sculta el vent che 'l pica 'la porta In crapa una nigula in brasc una sporta El dis che ga dent un bel regal Me sa che l'é 'l solito tempural Sculta i spiriti, sculta i fulet ranpeghen in soel mur E solten foe de cassett g'han soe i vesti De quand s'eri penen ne van i ne vegnen cunt el bucer del venn.

2024-11: Yanez - Davide Van de Sfroos

Thu, 28 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This is a folk-rock song sung in the Comasco dialect that humorously imagines the famous adventure characters from Emilio Salgari’s novels (Sandokan, Yanez de Gomera, Tremal-Naik) as elderly, retired pirates vacationing on the Romagna Riviera.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Yanez - Davide Van de Sfroos

Sale scende la marea e riporta la sua rüdeera Un sedell e una sciavata e una tuletta de Red Bull Sandokan cun't el mohito e'l bigliett cun sœ l'invito Sandokan che ha imparato a pilotare le infradito E la geent che la rüa al maar taant per di' che l'è staada che E cul getton de la sala giochi El cavall el mœv un zicch el cüü Uduu de fritüüra de pèss e de pizza de purta' via Kammamuri l'è de sessant'ann che sta 'n sœl dondolo de la pension.

Yanez de Gomera te se regordet cume l'era? Adess biciclett e vuvuzela E g'ha el Suzuki anca Tremal Naik Yanez de Gomera te se regordet de James Brook? El giüga ai caart giò al Bagno Riviera E i hann dii che l'è sempru ciucch.

Stuzzichini, moscardini e una bibita de quatru culuur Abbronzati e tatuati, i henn pirati vegnüü de Varees La pantera, gonna nera, canuttiera, cameriera Mœv el cüü anca senza i gettoni Ma l'è che dumà per cambiàtt el büceer Sandokan in sœ la spiaggia cui müdand della Billabong G'ha l'artrite e 'l g'ha 'l riporto Partiss per Mompracem cul pedalò E i Dayaki cun scià la Gazzetta G'hann menga teemp per tajatt el coo I lassen la spada suta l'umbrelon Fanno più danni con l'iPhone You might also like La Balèra Davide Van De Sfroos Pulènta e Galèna Frègia Davide Van De Sfroos De Sfroos Davide Van De Sfroos [Ritornello 2] Yanez de Gomera l'heet vedüda l'otra siira? Püssee che la Perla de Labuan Marianna adess la me paar un sass Yanez de Gomera cünta sœ amò cume l'era Ho vedüü che s'è rifada i tètt, l'ha mea pudüü rifass el cœr.

La sirena l'è incazzada che po' mea giügà al balòn Pulenta e cuba libre per i granchi in prucession Cumincia l'happy hour, la tigre di malesia Finiss all'usteria cul riis in biaanch e la magnesia Ustionati, pirati senza prutezion Barracudas cun sœ i Ray-Ban che giüghen a ping pong Sandokan che'l vusa deent in pizzeria El vusa e 'l canta "Romagna mia".

Yanez de Gomera te se regordet cume l'era? Adess biciclett e vuvuzela E g'ha el Suzuki anca Tremal Naik Yanez de Gomera.

Te se regordet del colonnello Fitzgerald? L'ho vedüü in sœ la curriera che 'l nava a Rimini a vede' i delfin.

2024-11: Addio Paura - España Circo Este / MCR

Sat, 16 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The song is a powerful anthem designed to awaken courage and promote resilience against a difficult present, aiming to provide the strength needed to face a challenging future. This is a 2024 collaborative single by Italian folk-rock band Modena City Ramblers and Spanish-Argentine band España Circo Este.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Addio Paura - España Circo Este / MCR

Sarà che non è facile Stare sempre in piedi Fare pochi errori Rimanere seri Sarà che è un po' di tempo Che ti nascondi fra le pieghe Sarà che hai le tue forze Impegnate a tenerti insieme.

Soffro le scarpe nuove Le nuove mode Quando penso al tuo nome Soffro i calci di rigore Gli appuntamenti alle nove Le ore vuote.

[Ritornello] Hey Sai che vorrei Coi miei pugni chiusi I miei occhi oggi no non piangono Addio paura so resistere E nei giorni storti anche ridere You might also like L’Arte della Fuga España Circo Este Prideappio España Circo Este La Mia Rivolta España Circo Este [Strofa 2] Sarà che non è facile Capire dove andiamo Qual è la strada giusta Dov'è che poi inciampiamo Sarà che è un po' di tempo Che mi sento giudicato E che non ho più voglia Di esser io sempre quello sbagliato.

Soffro Chi ha sempre ragione Le domeniche afose Le solite strofe Soffro Le chiappe sode L'alta stagione I baci senza sapore.

[Ritornello] Hey Sai che vorrei Coi miei pugni chiusi I miei occhi oggi no non piangono Addio paura so resistere E nei giorni storti anche ridere.

2024-03: Baciami Ancora - Jovanotti

Sun, 10 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This 2010 song is about love, long-term relationships, and the desire to reconnect and keep passion alive, even amid the complexities of adult life.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Baciami Ancora - Jovanotti

One, due, tre, four.

Un bellissimo spreco di tempo Un'impresa impossibile L'invenzione di un sogno, una vita in un giorno Una tenda al di là della duna Un pianeta in un sasso, l'infinito in un passo Un riflesso di un sole sull'onda di un fiume Son tornate le lucciole a Roma Nei parchi del centro, l'estate profuma Una mamma, un'amante, una figlia Un impegno, una volta, una nuvola scura Un magnete sul frigo, un quaderno di appunti Una casa, un aereo che vola.

Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Tutto il resto è un rumore lontano Una stella che esplode ai confini del cielo, uoh-oh, oh Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Voglio stare con te, inseguire con te Tutte le onde del nostro destino.

Una bimba che danza, un cielo, una stanza Una strada, un lavoro, una scuola Un pensiero che sfugge, una luce che sfiora Una fiamma che incendia l'aurora Un errore perfetto, un diamante, un difetto Uno strappo che non si ricuce Un respiro profondo per non impazzire Una semplice storia d'amore Un pirata, un soldato, un dio da tradire L'occasione che non hai mai incontrato La tua vera natura, la giustizia del mondo Che punisce chi ha le ali e non vola.

Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Tutto il resto è un rumore lontano Una stella che esplode ai confini del cielo, uoh-oh, oh Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Voglio stare con te, invecchiare con te Stare soli, io e te, sulla luna.

Coincidenze e destino, un gigante e un bambino Che gioca con l'arco e le frecce Che colpisce e poi scappa, un tesoro, una mappa E l'amore che detta ogni legge Per provare a vedere che c'è laggiù in fondo Dove sembra impossibile stare da soli A guardarsi negli occhi, a riempire gli specchi Con i nostri riflessi migliori, uoh-oh, oh.

Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Voglio stare con te, inseguire con te Tutte le onde del nostro destino, uoh-oh, oh Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora Baciami ancora (All right, baby).

2024-01: Mi fido di te - Jovanotti

Sun, 21 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This 2005 song is a profound ballad about vulnerability, the courage to trust, and embracing life’s uncertainties.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Mi fido di te - Jovanotti

Case di pane, riunioni di rane Vecchie che ballano nelle Cadillac Muscoli d'oro, corone d'alloro Canzoni d'amore per bimbi col frack Musica seria, luce che varia Pioggia che cade, vita che scorre Cani randagi, cammelli e re magi Forse fa male eppure mi va.

Di stare collegato Di vivere di un fiato Di stendermi sopra al burrone Di guardare giù La vertigine non è Paura di cadere Ma voglia di volare.

[Ritornello] Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Io mi fido di te Ehi mi fido di te Cosa sei disposto a perdere.

Lampi di luce, al collo una croce La dea dell'amore si muove nei jeans Culi e catene, assassini per bene La radio si accende su un pezzo funky Teste fasciate, ferite curate L'affitto del sole si paga in anticipo prego Arcobaleno, più per meno meno Forse fa male eppure mi va.

Di stare collegato Di vivere di un fiato Di stendermi sopra al burrone Di guardare giù La vertigine non è Paura di cadere Ma voglia di volare.

[Ritornello] Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Cosa sei disposto a perdere Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Io mi fido di te Cosa sei disposto a perdere.

Rabbia stupore la parte l'attore Dottore che sintomi ha la felicità Evoluzione il cielo in prigione Questa non è un'esercitazione Forza e coraggio La fede e il miraggio La luna nell'altra metà Lupi in agguato il peggio è passato Forse fa male eppure mi va.

Di stare collegato Di vivere di un fiato Di stendermi sopra al burrone Di guardare giù La vertigine non è Paura di cadere Ma voglia di volare.

A[Ritornello] Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Cosa sei disposto a perdere Eh mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Mi fido di te Cosa sei disposto a perdere

[Strofa 1]

[Bridge]

[Strofa 2]

[Bridge]

[Strofa 3]

[Bridge]

2023-12: Notturno, Camden Lock - Modena City Ramblers

Fri, 29 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This 1998 song is a nostalgic, atmospheric ballad that captures a solitary night in London, blending the peaceful imagery of Regent’s Canal with feelings of longing, distance from home, and empathetic thoughts for the immigrant experience.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Notturno, Camden Lock - Modena City Ramblers

A volte il vento mi porta le note di un flauto o il profumo di pioggia E sogno di averti al mio fianco ma so che l'oceano mi separa da te.

Voglio stare un po' seduto qui a finire il mio bicchiere e a guardare le barche addormentate sulle acque del Regent's Canal.

Da qui non si sente il traffico che percorre la Camden High street solo il vento mi porta le voci degli uomini di ritorno dall'ultimo pub.

Il silenzio addormenta la grande città che si culla sotto la luna chiude gli occhi ai barboni nei sacchi a pelo al riparo di Waterloo bridge.

Calma il sonno degli immigrati con le loro valigie disfatte li riporta nel sogno là dov'è il loro cuore per le strade di Delhi o Tralee.

E anch'io ti mando un pensiero e un augurio di sonni tranquilli ma vorrei che potessi sederti al mio fianco sul pontile del Regent's Canal..

Bevo l'ultimo sorso e ritorno alla stanza che da un po' chiamo casa e cammino leggero per non disturbare la città che continua a dormire.

I negozi e le banche chiuse la Nothern Line silenziosa e deserta le puttane a King's Cross finalmente struccate a godersi la tranquillità.

E anch'io mi addormento più calmo E spero che ti ritroverò in sogno E che cammineremo per mano nel sole Sulle rive del Regent's Canal.

2023-09: Surge Valentía - Rodrigo Correa (PSch)

Thu, 28 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000

A profound Catholic song about finding the courage to follow Jesus Christ, overcome fears, embrace uncertainty, and grow through love and faith while stepping out of comfort zones.

Watch & Listen

Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Surge Valentía - Rodrigo Correa (PSch)

Hoy acepto seguirte Dejar viejas certezas atrás Arriesgar mis verdades, abrazar la inquietud Ir más allá

Tus brazos extendidos Marcan el horizonte al final Encuentro tu mirada Escapo del temor Que me ancla en mi barca

Pero dudo y espero Que el viento sople menos, que el sol alumbre más

Surge valentía Disipa las dudas de este corazón Que teme al cruzar Las fronteras que limitan lo conocido Allá mar adentro, sobre el agua caminar

En tus huellas mis pasos En tus manos la fuerza del mar Como tú quiero amar las miserias del mundo Como tú a mi debilidad

Pero dudo y espero Que el viento sople menos, que el sol alumbre más

Surge valentía Disipa las dudas De este corazón que teme al cruzar Las fronteras que limitan lo conocido Allá mar adentro, sobre el agua caminar.

Surge valentía Y despunta en mí tu modo Tus huellas, tus llagas, tu forma de amar Y cuando ya cansado, peligre tropezar

Surge valentía Surge valentía Surge valentía

2022-11: Snow (Hey Ho) - Red Hot Chili Peppers

Thu, 17 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This 2005 song is an introspective, melodic track about surviving past mistakes, letting go of personal baggage, and embracing a fresh start or “blank slate” in life.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Snow (Hey Ho) - Red Hot Chili Peppers

Come to decide that the things that I tried Were in my life just to get high on When I sit alone, come get a little known But I need more than myself this time Step from the road to the sea to the sky And I do believe that we rely on When I lay it on, come, get to play it up All my life to sacrifice.

Hey, oh Listen what I say, oh-oh I got your hey, oh Now listen what I say, oh-oh (Oh).

When will I know that I really can't go To the well once more, time to decide on When it's killin' me, when will I really see All that I need to look inside? Come to believe that I better not leave Before I get my chance to ride When it's killin' me, what do I really need All that I need to look inside?.

Hey, oh Listen what I say, oh-oh Come back and hey, oh Look at what I say, oh-oh (Oh).

The more I see, the less I know The more I like to let it go Hey, oh, wo-oh-oh-oh-wo.

Deep beneath the cover of another perfect wonder Where it's so white as snow Privately divided by a world so undecided And there's nowhere to go In between the cover of another perfect wonder And it's so white as snow Runnin' through the field where all my tracks will be concealed And there's nowhere to go, ho!.

Went to descend to amend for a friend All the channels that have broken down Now you bring it up, I'm gonna ring it up Just to hear you sing it out Step from the road to the sea to the sky And I do believe what we rely on When I lay it on, come, get to play it up All my life to sacrifice.

Hey, oh Listen what I say, oh-oh I got your hey, oh Listen what I say, oh-oh.

The more I see, the less I know The more I like to let it go Hey, oh, wo-oh-oh-oh-wo.

Deep beneath the cover of another perfect wonder Where it's so white as snow Privately divided by a world so undecided And there's nowhere to go In between the cover of another perfect wonder Where it's so white as snow Runnin' through the field where all my tracks will be concealed And there's nowhere to go.

I said, hey, hey, yeah, ah, yeah (Ooh, ooh, ooh) Tell my love now Hey, hey, yeah, ah, yeah (Ooh, ooh, ooh) Tell my love now.

2022-10: Kamikaze - Die Toten Hosen

Thu, 27 Oct 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This 2019 song is an anthemic, fast-paced song celebrating a reckless, all-or-nothing love or deep friendship that, while euphoric and intense, accepts the possibility of a dramatic, self-destructive end.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Kamikaze - Die Toten Hosen

Mit dir ist alles heilig Mit dir ist alles wahr Du bist mein Anfang Bist das erste Wahl Nie wieder Zweifel Weil wir zusammen eins sind Zwei Puzzleteile Aus einem Sternenbild.

Ja, wir können flieg'n Nur Gott weiß wie hoch Mit jedem Absturz Färbt sich der Himmel rot.

Wir sind für immer hier Werden alles riskier'n Wie Kamikaze Nichts zu verlier'n.

Wir sprechen allе Sprachen Sind unerreicht Kеin bisschen Nachglanz Aus der Vergangenheit Können endlich atmen Jeder Plan geht auf Sind neugebor'n Geh'n zusammen drauf.

Wir brennen durch die Straßen Leuchten viel zu hell Verglüh'n gemeinsam Stürzen in die Welt.

Wir sind für immer hier Werden alles riskier'n Wie Kamikaze Nichts zu verlier'n.

Manchmal kurz vorm Abgrund Immer ganz nah dran am Glück Und niemand, niemand holt uns zurück.

Wir sind für immer hier Werden alles riskier'n Wie Kamikaze Nichts zu verlier'n Wir sind für immer hier Werden uns riskier'n Wie Kamikaze Bis alles explodiert Bis alles explodiert.

2022-08: A te - Jovanotti

Mon, 22 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This 2008 romantic piano ballad is a profound declaration of love written for the partner (later wife) of the Italian singer-songwriter Jovanotti, Francesca Valiani, composed during a period of separation.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

A te - Jovanotti

A te che sei l'unica al mondo L'unica ragione Per arrivare fino in fondo Ad ogni mio respiro Quando ti guardo Dopo un giorno pieno di parole Senza che tu mi dica niente Tutto si fa chiaro.

A te che mi hai trovato All'angolo coi pugni chiusi Con le mie spalle contro il muro Pronto a difendermi Con gli occhi bassi Stavo in fila Con i disillusi Tu mi hai raccolto Come un gatto E mi hai portato con te.

A te io canto una canzone Perchè non ho altro Niente di meglio da offrirti Di tutto quello che ho Prendi il mio tempo E la magìa Che con un solo salto Ci fa volare dentro l'aria Come bollicine.

A te che sei Semplicemente sei Sostanza dei giorni miei Sostanza dei giorni miei.

A te che sei il mio grande amore Ed il mio amore grande A te che hai preso la mia vita E ne hai fatto molto di più A te che hai dato senso al tempo Senza misurarlo A te che sei il mio amore grande Ed il mio grande amore.

A te che io Ti ho visto piangere nella mia mano Fragile che potevo ucciderti stringendoti un pò E poi ti ho visto Con la forza di un aeroplano Prendere in mano la tua vita E trascinarla in salvo.

A te che mi hai insegnato i sogni E l'arte dell'avventura A te che credi nel coraggio E anche nella paura A te che sei la meglio cosa Che mi sia successa A te che cambi tutti i giorni E resti sempre la stessa.

A te che sei Semplicemente sei Sostanza dei giorni miei Sostanza dei sogni miei A te che sei Essenzialmente sei Sostanza dei sogni miei Sostanza dei giorni miei.

A te che non ti piaci mai E sei una meraviglia Le forze della natura si concentrano in te Che sei una roccia sei una pianta sei un uragano Sei l'orizzonte che mi accoglie quando mi allontano.

A te che sei l'unica amica Che io posso avere L'unico amore che vorrei Se io non ti avessi con me A te che hai reso la mia vita Bella da morire Che riesci a render la fatica Un immenso piacere.

A te che sei Semplicemente sei Sostanza dei giorni miei Sostanza dei sogni miei E a te che sei Semplicemente sei Compagna dei giorni miei Sostanza dei sogni miei.

2022-04: Sam Hall - The Porters

Sat, 23 Apr 2022 00:00:00 +0000

This is an English folk song about an unrepentant criminal condemned to death for robbing the rich to feed the poor, who uses his final moments to curse the crowd and authorities watching him hang.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Sam Hall - The Porters

Oh me name it is Sam Hall chimney sweep, chimney sweep Oh me name it is Sam Hall chimney sweep Oh me name it is Sam Hall and I've robbed both great And small And my neck will pay for all when I die, when I die And my neck will pay for all when I die.

I have twenty pounds in store, that's not all, that's Not all I have twenty pounds in store, that's not all I have twenty pounds in store and I'll rob for twenty More For the rich must help the poor, so must I, so must I For the rich must help the poor, so must I.

Oh they brought me to Cootehill in a cart, in a cart Oh they brought me to Cootehill in a cart Oh they brought me to Cootehill there I stopped to make.

My will For the best of friends must part, so must I, so must I For the best of friends must part, so must I.

Up the ladder I did grope, that's no joke, that's no Joke Up the ladder I did grope, that's no joke Up the ladder I did grope and the hangman pulled the Rope Oh a ne'er a word I spoke, tumbling down, tumbling down Oh a ne'er a word I spoke tumbling down.

2021-12: 1973 (acustic) - James Blunt

Tue, 21 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a nostalgic, bittersweet song about fondly remembering a past love (Simona) and holding onto memories of carefree nights spent together in an Ibiza club, even though you knows the relationship is over.

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🎧

Lyrics

1973 (acustic) - James Blunt

Simona You're getting older Your journey's been etched On your skin.

Simona Wish I had known that What seemed so strong Has been and gone.

I would call you up every Saturday night And we'd both stay out till the morning light And we sang Here We Go Again And though time goes by I will always be in a club with you in 1973 Singing Here We Go Again.

Simona Wish I was sober So I could see clearly now The rain has gone.

Simona I guess it's over My memory plays our tune The same old song.

And though time goes by I will always be in a club with you in 1973.

2021-12: Il Celo d'Irlanda - Cisco/Massimo Bubola

Sat, 30 Oct 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a nostalgic, poetic, evocative folk ode to the vivid landscapes and emotional depth of Ireland, characterising its ever-changing sky as a vibrant, internal landscape that travels with the traveler.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Il Celo d’Irlanda - Cisco/Massimo Bubola

Il cielo d'Irlanda è un oceano di nuvole e luce Il cielo d'Irlanda è un tappeto che corre veloce Il cielo d'lrlanda ha i tuoi occhi se guardi lassù Ti annega di verde e ti copre di blu Ti copre di verde e ti annega di blu.

Il cielo d'Irlanda si sfama di muschio e di lana Il cielo d'Irlanda si spulcia i capelli alla luna Il cielo d'Irlanda è un gregge che pascola in cielo Ci ubriaca di stelle di notte e il mattino è leggero Si ubriaca di stelle e il mattino è leggero.

Dal Donegal alle isole Aran E da Dublino fino al Connemara Dovunque tu stia viaggiando con zingari o re Il cielo d'Irlanda si muove con te Il cielo d'Irlanda è dentro di te.

Il cielo d'Irlanda è un enorme cappello di pioggia Il cielo d'Irlanda è un bambino che dorme sulla spiaggia Il cielo d'Irlanda a volte fa il mondo in bianco e nero Ma dopo un momento i colori li fa brillare più del vero Ma dopo un momento ci fa brillare più del vero.

Dal Donegal alle isole Aran E da Dublino fino al Connemara Dovunque tu stia bevendo con zingari o re Il cielo d'Irlanda si muove con te Il cielo d'Irlanda è dentro di te.

Il cielo d'Irlanda è una donna che cambia spesso d'umore Il cielo d'Irlanda è una gonna che gira nel sole Il cielo d'Irlanda è Dio che suona la fisarmonica Ci apre e ci chiude nel tempo della musica Si apre e si chiude col ritmo della musica.

Dal Donegal alle isole Aran E da Dublino fino al Connemara Dovunque tu stia ballando con zingari o re Il cielo d'Irlanda si muove con te Il cielo d'Irlanda è dentro di te.

2021-07: La Torre - Talco

Sat, 17 Jul 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a ska-punk anthem to authenticity that narrates the narrator’s decision to escape the limitations and false illusions of society to follow his own path of freedom and wisdom.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

La Torre - Talco

Lieto riconduco l'anima al suono del mio antico porto Tra invisibili note di un far buffone Rilassato suono di un legittimo canto distorto Dall'esilio dell'immaginazione Vagai tra genti e terre che mi hanno adottato E in cambio di una risata echi di storia Lungo le strade di una saggezza dimenticata Di indomabili notti calde di gloria.

Paladini di antichi scranni spolverati a novella parvenza Arruolati da sciocchi predicatori Nella gogna dei prestigiatori non c'è differenza Tra le nuvole e le illusioni.

Domatori di voti grazie, ma di finte battute non so campare Non chiedo scusa ma è tardi, per le mie strade ho un'altra storia e sta ad aspettare Perchè dentro la torre non ci so stare!.

Quindi riconduco al cuore lontano da quel vecchio porto Dove non c'è posto per un buffone Lieto e saldo sull'equilibrio di un fato risorto Ma lontano dall'illusione Se un domani estinto mi ammonirà Per un circo instabile in delirio di libertà Seguo il richiamo di antiche glorie lungo il sentiero dimenticato per risalire Perchè ho ancora fiato per ripartire!.

Domatori di voti grazie, ma di finte battute non so campare Non chiedo scusa ma è tardi, per le mie strade ho un'altra storia e sta ad aspettare Perchè dentro la torre non ci so stare!.

2021-07: Shine On - The Porters

Sun, 11 Jul 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a celtic-punk anthem of resilience that encourages listeners to maintain their inner fire, keep fighting against adversity, and refuse to let the “bastards” drag them down.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Shine On - The Porters

Deep in your heart there was once a diamond shining bright Every dark place you passed by turned into light But somebody broke into your heart and blew out your lights And your sparkling little diamond turned pale overnight.

What the hell has become of that pretty girl so sweet and nice Where have remaind your insatiable thirst after life Girl what ever they have done to you, where ever you are No ever so big force on earth could kill a burning hearts

Shine on, shine on Don't let the bastards drag you down Shine on, like a torch burns in a storm Shine on and on, and keep the fire burnings Shine on, shine on, shine on.

Your train ran off the rails, hey girl you didn't lay the tracks If you wanna reach for the sky you have to go through hell and back Don't deliver girl, let me take you by the hand At the end of the rainbow the way of cross still ends.

Shine on, shine on Don't let the bastards drag you down Shine on, like a torch burns in a storm Shine on and on, and keep the fire burnings Shine on, shine on, shine on.

Shine on, shine on, shine on Shine on, shine on, shine on Shine on, shine on, shine on Shine on, shine on, shine on Don't let the bastards drag you down.

Shine on, shine on Don't let the bastards drag you down Shine on, like a torch burns in a storm Shine on and on, and keep the fire burnings Shine on, shine on, shine on.

Shine on, shine on, shine on Don't let the bastards drag you down.

2021-04: Sein oder nicht sein - Frei.Wild

Sat, 10 Apr 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This anthem is about the temporary nature of life and monuments, urging listeners to actively choose to live, fight, and shape their own destiny rather than merely existing.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Sein oder nicht sein - Frei.Wild

Vieles scheint, es wäre für ewig Aber alles stürzt auch mal ein Keine Sache, kein Monument Kein Mensch wird hier für immer bleiben Auch keine Liebe hält, was sie verspricht Hält nur ein, zwei, drei Leben lang Wann die Zeit die Geschichte wegwischt Kommt auf uns selber an.

Ob auf Papier oder in Stein gemeißelt Alles brennt oder bricht entzwei Die Welt befreit sich von Asche und Staub Und zieht die Zeit an uns vorbei Altes geht und Neues kommt Und nur die Geister sind′s, die bleiben In der Erinnerung, in unseren Herzen In unserem Lachen und Leiden.

Sein oder nicht sein Leben oder leiden Fallen oder kämpfen Du musst dich entscheiden Sein oder nicht sein Nur du stellst die Weichen So war's, so wird′s bleiben.

Sein oder nicht sein Leben oder leiden Fallen oder kämpfen Du kannst dich entscheiden Sein oder nicht sein Nur du stellst die Weichen So war's, so wird's bleiben So war′s, so wird′s bleiben.

Im Launenkeller ganz ohne Licht Vor dir ein kalter, dunkler Flur Nur ein Tränenmeer um dich Vor dir liegt einzig deine Spur Fühlst dich gefangen und alleine Die Frage bleibt: "Sein oder Nichtsein?" Glaube, Liebe, Hoffnung sind es Die die Geschichte hier schreiben.

Sein oder nicht sein Leben oder leiden Fallen oder kämpfen Du musst dich entscheiden Sein oder nicht sein Nur du stellst die Weichen So war's, so wird′s bleiben.

Sein oder nicht sein Leben oder leiden Fallen oder kämpfen Du kannst dich entscheiden Sein oder nicht sein Nur du stellst die Weichen So war's, so wird′s bleiben So war's, so wird′s bleiben.

Dein Schiff in Seenot Und dein Segel bricht entzwei Dein Paradigma wankt Und lässt die Geister frei Wirf oder zieh den Anker Du bist der Horizont Hinter dir dein Bild im Spiegel Sieh doch: "Du bist".

2021-03: Where it stays - Charlotte OC

Mon, 22 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a moody, atmospheric song about dealing with the haunting aftermath of a broken relationship and the lingering, conflicting memories of a former lover.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Where it stays - Charlotte OC

I never knew I would cry when I heard your name And now I'm running to your heart 'cause I feel the pain We found the devil in our love, we found the way Why do I feel like you're with me everywhere I lay?.

Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays.

It feels like a ghost is walking on my grave If only you knew how long I'd wait It makes me really angry when you can't relate Makes me feel like you're living and I'm awake.

So tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays.

Oh oh oh oh eh Woah yeah, oh oh oh oh eh When we're not together, I'm so afraid When we're not together, I'm so afraid.

So tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Oh, tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Oh, tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Oh, tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays Oh, tell me where your heart is, tell me where you keep it, tell me where it stays.

2021-03: The wrong direction - Passenger

Wed, 17 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a candid reflection on using humor and cynicism as a protective shield against emotional vulnerability and heartbreak, ultimately realizing that this defensive, sarcastic approach to life has led to loneliness and missed opportunities for genuine connection.

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🎧

Lyrics

The wrong direction - Passenger

When I was a kid the things I did were hidden under the grid Young and naive I never believed that love could be so well hid With regret I'm willing to bet and say the older you get It gets harder to forgive and harder to forget.

It gets under your shirt like a dagger at work The first cut is the deepest but the rest still flipping hurt You build your heart of plastic Get cynical and sarcastic And end up in the corner on your own.

Cause I'd love to feel love but I can't stand the rejection I hide behind my jokes as a form of protection I thought I was close but under further inspection It seems I've been running in the wrong direction, oh no.

So what's the point in getting your hopes up When all you're ever getting is choked up When you're coked up And can't remember the reason why you broke up You call her in the morning when you're coming down and falling Like an old man on the side of the road.

Cause when you're apart you don't want to mingle When you're together you want to be single Ever the chase to taste the kiss of bliss That made your heart tingle How much greener the grass is With those rose tinted glasses But the butterflies they flutter by and leave us on our arses.

There's fish in the sea for me to make a selection I'd jump in if it wasn't for my ear infection Cause all I want to do is try to make a connection It seems I've been running in the wrong direction, oh-oh.

Oh, oh.

I'd love to feel love but I can't stand the rejection I hide behind my jokes as a form of protection I thought I was close but under further inspection It seems I've been running in the wrong direction.

2021-03: Let her go - Passenger

Sun, 14 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This is a a melancholic acoustic ballad about the painful realization of love and loss, emphasizing that people often only appreciate what they have after they have let it go.

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Feel free to play the video below and let the music set the atmosphere as you read through the lyrics.

🎧

Lyrics

Let her go - Passenger

Well, you only need the light when it's burning low Only miss the Sun when it starts to snow Only know you love her when you let her go Only know you've been high when you're feeling low Only hate the road when you're missing home Only know you love her when you let her go.

And you let her go.

Staring at the bottom of your glass Hoping one day you'll make a dream last But dreams come slow and they go so fast.

You see her when you close your eyes Maybe one day you'll understand why Everything you touch surely dies.

But you only need the light when it's burning low Only miss the Sun when it starts to snow Only know you love her when you let her go Only know you've been high when you're feeling low Only hate the road when you're missing home Only know you love her when you let her go.

Staring at the ceiling in the dark Same old empty feeling in your heart 'Cause love comes slow and it goes so fast.

Well, you see her when you fall asleep But never to touch and never to keep 'Cause you loved her too much and you dived too deep.

And you let her go.

Oh, oh, woah, oh, oh And you let her go Oh, oh, woah, oh, oh When you let her go Whoa.

'Cause you only need the light when it's burning low Only miss the Sun when it starts to snow Only know you love her when you let her go Only know you've been high when you're feeling low Only hate the road when you're missing home Only know you love her when you let her go.

And you let her go.

2019-09: Hab keine angst - Frei.Wild

Tue, 17 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

This song is about solidarity, emotional support, and friendship, and no one has to face their fears or struggles aloneo, because overcoming life’s challenges together.

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🎧

Lyrics

Hab keine angst - Frei.Wild

Vor uns ein langer, weiter Weg Auch davor haben wir alles überlebt Das war, weiß Gott, nicht einfach Doch es war dann dennoch echt ok War es Schicksal oder vielleicht nicht? War es Bestimmung, Zufall oder Pflicht? Wir schauen zurück und finden dort auch Unsere größte Zuversicht.

[Instrumental].

Für all das, was alles vor uns liegt Und all das, was uns die Nächte nimmt Werden manches niemals akzeptieren Und deshalb weiter rebellieren Weil man bei uns an eine Sache glaubt An die Wahrheit, nicht an Schall und Rauch und Staub Haben ihn gewählt, mit Herz gelebt Den Weg, den kein Verlierer geht.

Doch keine Angst, hab keine Keine Angst, habe keine Niemand ist hier alleine Irgendwer wird bei dir sein Keine Angst, hab keine Keine Angst, hab keine Niemand ist hier alleine Wir sind da.

Komm, komm, komm Komm mit uns.

Vieles, was das Leben mit sich bringt Das wie Sand durch deine Hände rinnt Gibt Kraft, haut dich auch auf die Knie Hängt oft in bitterer Lethargie Allein scheint manches oft zu weit Geteiltes bleibt nun mal auch halbes Leid Wo brachst du auf? Wo kamst du an? Jetzt bist du hier, nur darauf kommt es an.

Doch hab keine Angst, hab keine Keine Angst, habe keine Niemand ist hier alleine Irgendwer wird bei dir sein Keine Angst, hab keine Keine Angst, habe keine Niemand ist hier alleine Wir sind da [Post-Refrain] Komm, komm, komm Komm mit uns.

Ich nehme dich mit, ich halte dich Komm, lass dich fallen, ich fang dich Wo du auch immer hin willst Ich werde immer bei dir sein Wir nehmen dich mit, wir halten dich Komm, lass dich fallen, wir fangen dich Wo du auch immer hin willst Fürchte dich nicht Ich nehme dich mit, ich halt dich Komm lass dich fallen, ich fang dich Wo du auch immer hin willst Wir nehmen dich mit, wir halten dich Komm lass dich fallen, wir fangen dich Wo du auch immer hin willst Fürchte dich nicht.

Doch hab keine Angst, hab keine Keine Angst, habe keine Niemand ist hier alleine Irgendwer wird bei dir sein Hab keine, hab keine, niemand ist hier alleine Hab keine Angst, komm mit uns, komm mit uns.

2019-09: Wie ein schützender Engel - Frei.Wild

Tue, 17 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

This is a deeply personal, melodic song that expresses profound gratitude and unwavering reliance on a special person who acts as a protective force, guiding and anchoring the singer through life’s toughest storms.

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🎧

Lyrics

Wie ein schützender Engel - Frei.Wild

Hab dich nicht einmal vergessen Hab nie mit Wölfen geheult Bist wie mein Zeuge und Gewissen Hab auch so manches bereut.

Durch den Wind, durch den Regen Durch die Lichter der Nacht Ich fühl, dass du da bist Ich fühl deine Macht Sahst mich weinen, mich lachen Mich kommen und gehen Folg den Spuren im Sand Und so folg ich deinem Leben.

Denn du bist mein Mein Dach im Sturm und im Regen Wie ein schützender Engel Über all meinen Wegen Du bist Du bist bei mir und du bist alles und noch mehr.

Deine Hand führte mich sicher Aus jedem finsteren Tal Es kam oft anders, doch nie schlimmer Die Sonne am Berg kam allemal Wie eine Insel, wie ein Rettungsboot Wie ein Blaulicht in der größten Not Vergissmeinnicht, ich schrie, ist noch wer hier? Und deine Stimme sprach ich bin bei dir.

Durch den Wind, durch den Regen Durch die Lichter der Nacht Ich fühl, dass du da bist Ich fühl deine Macht Sahst mich weinen, mich lachen Mich kommen und gehen Folg deinen Spuren im Sand Und so folg ich deinem Leben.

Denn du bist mein Mein Dach im Sturm und im Regen Wie ein schützender Engel Über all meinen Wegen Du bist Du bist bei mir und du bist alles und noch mehr.

Und du bleibst Mein größter Halt und mein Segen Trägst so viele Lasten, mehr kann es nicht geben Du bist Du bist einfach das Du bist alles, was mich unsterblich macht.

VDenn du bist mein Mein Dach im Sturm und im Regen Wie ein schützender Engel Über all meinen Wegen Du bist Du bist bei mir und du bist alles und noch mehr.

Denn du bist mein Mein Dach im Sturm und im Regen Wie ein schützender Engel Über all meinen Wegen Du bist Du bist bei mir und du bist alles und noch mehr.

Und du bleibst Mein größter Halt und mein Segen Trägst so viele Lasten, mehr kann es nicht geben Du bist Du bist einfach das Du bist alles, was mich unsterblich macht.

hydroTSM v0.8-6 on CRAN

Tue, 28 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

After two years of working mostly in sub-daily functions, the new version of hydroTSM (v0.8-6) was released on April 28th 2026, and it is available on CRAN now

Among its new features the following stand out:

New graphical logo.
New , created with pkgdown.
Package tested against R version 4.6.0 (2026-04-24) – “Because it was There”, following an imperative request made by CRAN.
New function isComplete, for identifying whether a zoo object has a regular time frequency without missing values from the first one to the last one.
New function shiftyears, to allow the computation of annual values starting in a month different from january. Mostly for internal purposes only.
The baseflow function can now apply the low-pass filter more than three times, which should be mandatory for hourly time series (Ladson et al., 2013).
The daily2annual function has a new argument ‘start.month’, to choose the starting month to be used in the computation of annual values.
The function cmv has a new argument ‘start.month’, to choose the starting month to be used in the computation of annual values.
The matrixplot several new arguments to customise the legend and the output figure.
The fdc has a new argument ’thr.pos’, to customise the position of the thresold in the output figure.
Several bugfixes.

I hope you enjoy it !.

New logo of the R package

Students

Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PhD thesis

Gimeno Molina, Fernando (In Progress). Unravelling the effect of native vegetation on hydrological soil properties and catchment’s hydrological resilience to extreme events. , Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

MSc thesis

Marinao Rivas, Rodrigo (2024). Impacts of global change on the hydrological regime and extreme events: case study in the Andean Trancura River Basin (Original title in Spanish: ). Master Programme in Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Nuñez Ibarra, Daniel (2024). Evaluation of soil moisture estimated using gridded products in the south-central zone of Chile (Original title in Spanish: ). Master’s Degree in Territorial Management of Natural Resources (GESTREN). Escuela de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Co-supervisor. Supervisor: Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos T.
Vergara González, Valeria (2023). Effect of changes in landscape composition and configuration on the productivity of forest ecosystems in a Mediterranean basin of Central Chile (Original title in Spanish: ). Master’s Degree in Territorial Management of Natural Resources (GESTREN). Escuela de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Co-supervisor. Supervisor: Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos T.
Hann, Hamish (2017). Hydrological evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates for drought management in the Imperial River Basin, Chile. Cologne University of Applied Sciences. Köln, Germany. Co-supervisor. Supervisor: Dr. Lars Ribbe.
McNamara, Ian (2017). Drought risk management solutions using water allocation modelling for climate change and irrigation development scenarios within the data-scarce Imperial River Basin (Chile). Cologne University of Applied Sciences. Köln, Germany. Co-supervisor. Supervisor: Dr. Lars Ribbe.

Undergraduate thesis

2026-S2

Garcés Figueroa, Héctor (In Progress). Development of an early flood warning system for critical basins in the Araucanía Region (Original title in Spanish: [Desarrollo de un sistema de alerta temprana de inundaciones para cuencas críticas en la Región de La Araucanía]). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
- Garcés-Figueroa, H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; (2025). Ahead of the Flood: Medium-Range Hydrological Forecasting for Southern Chilean Catchments (oral presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
- Garcés-Figueroa, H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2025). . EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-13525 . Abstract EGU25-13525 (oral presentation).

2026-S2

Saldivia Mayorga, Marfa (In Progress). Evaluation of bivariate bias correction methods to quantify the impact of climate change on hydrological processes in the Mapocho en Los Almendros River Basin (Original title in Spanish: [Los AlmendrosEvaluación de métodos bivariados de corrección de sesgos para cuantificar el impacto del cambio climático en los procesos hidrológicos en la cuenca del río Mapocho en Los Almendros]). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

2025-S1

Muñoz Neira, Rocío (2025). Operational monitoring of soil moisture anomalies for continental Chile (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

2021-S1

Burgos Victoriano, V. (2021). Assessment of the impact of climate change on the outflows of a sub-basin of the Trancura River, based on high and super-high resolution global climate projections (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

2020-S2

Marinao Rivas, R. (2020). Development of a surface hydrological model coupled to a subterranean model for the Lluta River Basin, Arica and Parinacota Region (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

2019-S2

Soto Escobar, C. J. (2019). Construction of high spatial resolution Intensity-Duration-Frequency curves for the Central-Southern zone of Chile (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Soto, C.; Baez-Villanueva, O. M. (2020). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2020. Wien, Austria. HS7.5 - Hydro-meteorological Extremes and Hazards: Vulnerability, Risk, Impacts and Mitigation:. Abstract EGU2020-21091. . May.
Henríquez Jara, B. I. (2019). Proposal for updating the Chilean regulatory framework for the management of wastewater and rainwater (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Chiguailaf Chiguailaf, C. R. (2019). Creation of a prototype early warning system for daily flooding for the Trancura River sub-basin in Curarrehue, La Araucanía region (Original title in Spanish: ). Trabajo para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

2017

Puelma J., Cristóbal (2017). Evaluation of the impacts of climate change and land cover in the streamflow of a pluvial basin [in Spanish]. Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Co-supervisor. Supervisor: Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos T.

Article on the evaluation of gridded soil moisture products published in HESS

Sat, 04 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On January 12th, 2026, published our article entitled . This study investigates how spatial patterns, temporal trends, and record length in hourly precipitation data affect annual maximum intensities estimated with stationary and non-stationary models across a climatically and topographically diverse region.

Motivation

Soil moisture is a key variable controlling how water moves through landscapes, supports vegetation, and interacts with the atmosphere. It plays a central role in drought monitoring, ecosystem management, and hydrological modelling. In many regions—particularly natural or remote ecosystems—direct soil moisture measurements are scarce. As a result, scientists and practitioners often rely on large-scale datasets derived from satellites or land surface models. This study evaluates how accurately these datasets represent soil moisture dynamics across Chile’s wide range of climates, from arid northern zones to humid southern forests.

What was the novelty?

The study assessed four widely used soil moisture datasets, ERA5, ERA5-Land, SMAP-L4, and GLDAS-Noah, against detailed field observations collected every three hours from the Kimün-Ko monitoring network. The monitoring sites span ten near-natural ecosystems along Chile’s hydroclimatic gradient.

Study area: (a) catchment location (CAMELS-CL; Alvarez-Garreton et al., 2018); (b) elevation (SRTMv4.1; Jarvis et al., 2008); (c) land cover classification (CLDynamicLandCover.V2; Galleguillos et al., 2024); (d) soil properties (CLSoilMaps; Dinamarca et al., 2023); and (e) aridity index (AI=P/PET) 1970–2000 (Global-AI-PET-v3; Zomer et al., 2022).

Locations of in situ TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 sensors. (a) Example of TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 sensors installed across various land cover types; (b) northern arid sites in the Petorca (PRB) and Mapocho (MRB) river basins; and (c) southern humid sites in the Cauquenes (CRB) and Trancura (TRB) river basins. Red triangles indicate the locations of in situ SM monitoring sites. Grid cell boundaries of each gridded SM product are shown for ERA5 (green), ERA5-Land (purple), SPL4SMAU (blue), and GLDAS-Noah (lightblue).

In addition to standard statistical indicators, the researchers applied an event-based diagnostic method that examines how soil moisture responds to individual rainfall events. This approach evaluates both the magnitude of the response and how quickly the soil becomes wetter after rainfall.

What we found

The evaluation revealed consistent patterns with direct implications for environmental monitoring and modelling:

ERA5 and ERA5-Land showed the most reliable overall performance. These datasets reproduced seasonal soil moisture dynamics reasonably well across most regions, particularly in the wetter southern ecosystems.
Deeper soil layers were simulated more accurately than surface layers. Root-zone soil moisture changes more slowly and is less sensitive to short-term fluctuations, making it easier for large-scale models to represent.
Arid regions remain difficult to simulate. In northern ecosystems, all datasets struggled to reproduce the first rainfall response after long dry periods, typically overestimating how much and how quickly soil moisture increased.
Performance varies by product and location. Some datasets performed well under specific conditions—for example, one showed relatively strong skill for surface soil moisture in selected arid sites—while others systematically underestimated soil moisture in wetter environments.

Schematic summary of the main conclusions.

Why the new diagnostic approach is important

A key contribution of the study is the demonstration that traditional performance metrics can overlook important timing and response errors. A dataset may appear accurate when evaluated over long periods but still fail to capture the rapid changes that occur during individual storms. Event-based diagnostics provide a clearer understanding of how models represent real hydrological processes, especially during extreme or short-lived events.

Why this matters for practice and decision-making

The findings provide practical guidance for selecting soil moisture datasets in regions where field measurements are limited. In particular, identifying the most reliable products supports better drought monitoring, improved hydrological simulations, and more informed ecosystem and water resource management.

Our study also highlights the importance of evaluating not only average performance, but also the dynamic response of soils to rainfall—an aspect that becomes increasingly critical under changing climate conditions.

The full article can be found here: .

Infographic summary, created by Google NotebookLM (23-Apr-2026)

From grid to ground: how well do gridded products represent soil moisture dynamics in natural ecosystems during precipitation events?

Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Núñez-Ibarra, D. A., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., & Galleguillos, M. (2026). From grid to ground: how well do gridded products represent soil moisture dynamics in natural ecosystems during precipitation events?. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 30, 1813--1847. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1813-2026

Pulliko: Gridded soil moisture for Chile

Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Context and motivation

Reliable monitoring of soil moisture is essential for understanding water availability, managing drought risk, and supporting sustainable water resources management. Soil moisture regulates key hydrological processes such as infiltration, runoff, evaporation, and plant water uptake, and plays a central role in land–atmosphere interactions. Conditions in the surface soil layer (SSM; 0–10 cm) respond rapidly to rainfall events, while moisture in the deeper root zone (RZSM; 0–100 cm) evolves more slowly and sustains vegetation during dry periods, influencing the onset and persistence of extreme events such as droughts and intense rainfall.

Accurate representation of these dynamics requires spatially continuous information derived from multiple data sources. Ground-based measurements provide high-quality observations but are geographically sparse, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. Satellite observations offer broad and frequent coverage, yet they primarily capture near-surface conditions and can be affected by vegetation and environmental factors. Therefore, integrating diverse datasets within a unified monitoring framework is therefore critical for delivering timely, reliable information on soil moisture conditions across large and climatically diverse regions such as Chile, where environmental conditions range from the hyper-arid north to the humid south.

Description

In response to this need, during her undergraduate thesis, Rocío Muñoz Neira developed under my supervision an operational web platform designed to provide near real-time monitoring of soil moisture and its anomalies across continental Chile. The platform integrates multiple high-quality datasets to deliver timely, spatially consistent information that can support decision-making in agriculture, water resources management, environmental monitoring, and scientific research.

Four state-of-the-art gridded soil moisture products were selected based on their long-term data availability, spatial and temporal resolution, and operational reliability. These products provide volumetric soil moisture estimates for both the surface soil layer (0–10 cm) and the root zone soil layer (0–100 cm). The four available gridded soil moisture products are:

ERA5 (0.25° spatial resolution, hourly updates, approximately 6-day latency),
ERA5-Land (0.1°, hourly, approximately 6-day latency),
GLDAS-Noah (0.25°, three-hourly, approximately 4-month latency), and
SMAP-L4 (9 km resolution, three-hourly, approximately 2.5-day latency).

The following article evalautes the four previous soil moisture datasets against in situ measurements:

Núñez-Ibarra, D. A.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Galleguillos, M. (2026). . Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 30, 1813–1847. .

Together, these complementary soil moisture datasets offer robust coverage across a wide range of climatic and hydrological conditions.

To enhance the interpretation of soil moisture conditions, the platform also computes two standardised drought indicators of soil moisture anomalies:

The Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI) is a parametric indicator based on the gamma probability distribution, while
the Empirical Standardized Soil Moisture Index (ESSMI) is a non-parametric indicator derived using kernel density estimation techniques.

These indices are calculated automatically on a daily basis at multiple temporal aggregation scales (1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months), allowing users to assess short-term variability as well as longer-term hydrological trends.

The system operates through a fully automated data pipeline. External data servers are queried regularly to identify the most recent observations, which are then downloaded, processed, and stored on the internal infrastructure of the of the Department of Civil Engineering at the Universidad de La Frontera. The processed soil moisture fields and derived anomaly indicators are subsequently displayed through the , meaning “water in the soil” in mapuzungun, interactive web interface, enabling users to explore current conditions and historical patterns in an intuitive and accessible manner.

Main screen of web platform

By combining reliable data sources, automated processing, and interactive visualization tools, this platform provides a practical and scientifically robust resource for monitoring soil moisture dynamics across Chile. Its near real-time capabilities support informed decision-making, improve situational awareness during hydrological extremes, and contribute to a better understanding of the country’s evolving water and climate conditions.

Additional information about the development of this platform can be found in the .

III Jornada de Hidrología

Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Context

From January 21 to 23, 2026, the Pucón Campus of the Universidad de La Frontera (UFRO) hosted the , bringing together members of the national hydrology community and reaffirming the event’s role as a key platform for collaboration among scientific research, professional practice, and public water management in Chile.

Promotional flyer for the .

This activity was organized by the , the and the of the , convened by the , and sponsored by the , the , the Department of Water Resources of the , and the .

The event was led by Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, with the organizing committee also including Dr. Alonso Pizarro (Universidad Diego Portales), Dr. Sebastián Krogh (Universidad de Concepción), and Dr.(c) Eduardo Muñoz-Castro (SLF-ETH).

Organizing Committee of the . From left to right: Dr. Alonso Pizarro (UDP), Dr(c) Eduardo Muñoz (SLF-ETH), Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini (UFRO), and Dr. Sebastián Krogh (UdeC)

In a context characterised by high climate variability, persistent drought conditions, and an increasing frequency of extreme hydrometeorological events, Hydrology has become a strategic discipline for evidence-based decision-making. Within this framework, the convened researchers, professionals from the public and private sectors, and undergraduate and graduate students from across the country, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and strengthening professional networks.

Keynote lectures

The scientific program featured two keynote lectures:

, delivered by Dra. Pilar Barría (U. de Chile). The lecture reviewed the current regulatory framework and its implications for emerging water institutions, examined proposed policy changes, and discussed pathways to reconcile the concepts of integrated water resources management (IWRM), resilience, and water security in operational watershed management.

Figure 1. Dra. Pilar Barría.

, delivered by Dr. Camila Álvarez Garretón, researcher at the Center for Climate Science and Resilience (CR2). Her presentation addressed current challenges and future scenarios related to water availability and water use in Chile, emphasizing the need for integrated planning under changing climatic conditions.

Figure 1. Dra. Camila Álvarez-Garretón during her keynote lecture.

Thematic sessions

The scientific program also included , each featuring oral presentations and poster sessions that highlighted recent advances in research and professional practice:

Poster session.

Specialized courses

As an integral component of the Conference, two specialised courses were offered to strengthen technical and professional competencies in key areas of water management.

Course 2a: , led by Jorge Labra, representative of AQUAFLOW.

Figure 2a. Engineer Jorge Labra (AQUAFLOW)

Course 2b: , delivered by Diego Ojeda of Montgomery & Associates Chile.

Figure 2b. Engineer Diego Ojeda (Montgomery & Associates Chile)

These training activities were well attended and distinguished by their applied orientation and direct relevance to current operational challenges in the water sector.

Field trip

One of the most highly valued activities among participants was the field trip, designed to provide direct exposure to the natural environment and monitoring infrastructure supporting hydrological research in the upper Trancura River Basin near Llafenco. The activity began at the UFRO Pucón Campus and continued to PuAm Ecolodge, where participants visited both a meteorological station and a soil moisture monitoring site.

The excursion included a guided trek through native vegetation, allowing participants to observe local conditions influencing hydrological processes. Simple field measurements, including infiltration tests, were conducted to illustrate water movement at the local scale and its connection to hydrological modeling and watershed analysis.

Participants in the field trip to PuAm Ecolodge.

Chilean Hydrology Prize

One of the most significant milestones of the meeting was the inauguration of the “Chilean Hydrology Prize”, an award established to recognize individuals whose careers have made substantial contributions to the advancement of hydrology in Chile.

In its first edition, the prize was awarded to Professor Ximena Vargas Mesa, in recognition of her enduring legacy in Chilean hydrology, her outstanding academic achievements, and her influential role in advancing engineering and applied hydrology, as well as in training generations of hydrologists over more than four decades.

Organizing Committee of the together with Professor Ximena Vargas, recipient of the first Chilean Hydrology Prize.

Faculty members attending the together with Professor Ximena Vargas, recipient of the first Chilean Hydrology Prize.

Acknowledgments

The Organizing Committee of the expressed its sincere gratitude for the financial and institutional support provided by AQUAFLOW, Montgomery & Associates Chile, Vertientes, and IECOM, whose contributions were essential to the successful implementation of the event.

With strong participation and a broad range of disciplinary perspectives, the concluded by reinforcing the importance of strengthening professional networks, promoting knowledge exchange, and advancing water management grounded in scientific evidence, inter-institutional collaboration, and territorial relevance. The event thereby consolidates its position as a leading national forum for hydrology in Chile.

Official photo of the (some attendees are missing).

Curvas IDF Chile

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Context and motivation

Extreme precipitation events are expected to intensify under global warming, particularly at sub-daily time scales, increasing the risk of flash floods and infrastructure failure. Reliable estimation of these extremes is therefore essential for hydraulic design, urban drainage planning, and flood risk management. Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves remain the standard engineering tool for quantifying the relationship between rainfall intensity, duration, and frequency of occurrence.

Traditionally, IDF curves have been derived from rain gauge observations under the assumption of stationarity and often based on relatively short sub-daily records. These limitations can lead to biased estimates of extreme rainfall, particularly in regions with sparse monitoring networks, complex topography, or strong climatic variability. Moreover, ongoing climate change challenges the validity of stationary assumptions commonly used in engineering practice.

Recent advances in gridded precipitation datasets provide spatially continuous and temporally consistent information that complements conventional observations and improves the representation of precipitation extremes. Integrating these datasets with modern statistical approaches enables the development of more robust and spatially consistent IDF estimates, particularly in countries such as Chile, where climatic gradients and terrain complexity strongly influence rainfall patterns.

To operationalise these advances, the web platform was developed by the former student Cristóbal Soto Escobar and I with the support of the and the , by providing standardised, nationally consistent estimates of extreme rainfall across continental Chile. By combining multiple datasets and updated statistical methodologies within an accessible web environment, the platform supports evidence-based infrastructure design and risk assessment under evolving climatic conditions.

Description

is a web platform designed to support the computation and visualization of Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves across continental Chile. The platform integrates modern datasets and statistical methodologies to provide robust estimates of extreme precipitation across diverse climatic and topographic regions, including areas with limited observational coverage.

Main screen of web platform

By delivering nation-wide, spatially consistent IDF information, the platform supports infrastructure design, flood risk assessment, urban drainage planning, and climate resilience studies. It also promotes transparent and reproducible analyses, reducing the technical burden traditionally associated with extreme value modeling and facilitating the practical use of advanced statistical methods in engineering and applied hydrology.

Curvas IDF functionality

provides a set of operational tools designed to support engineering design, hydrological analysis, and climate risk evaluation.

Core capabilities include:

Computation of IDF curves for any location in continental Chile using statistically consistent methodologies.
Interactive visualization of rainfall intensity estimates for multiple durations and return periods.
Implementation of stationary and non-stationary statistical models, enabling users to evaluate the potential influence of changing climatic conditions on extreme precipitation.
Access to annual maximum precipitation intensities (Imax) derived from both gridded datasets and in-situ rain gauge observations.
Spatial exploration of extreme rainfall patterns, facilitating comparison of intensity values across regions with contrasting climates and topography.
Download of computed intensity values and associated parameters for use in engineering design studies, hydrological modeling, and risk assessments.

These functionalities streamline workflows that traditionally required specialized statistical expertise and extensive data processing, thereby broadening access to reliable extreme rainfall information for both technical and operational users.

Methodological framework

The methodology implemented in is fully documented in a 2026 scientific article published in the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. This study represents one of the most comprehensive national-scale analyses of precipitation extremes in Chile, combining multiple gridded datasets with quality-controlled rain gauge observations to characterize rainfall intensity under both stationary and non-stationary climate assumptions.

The platform is based on a rigorous statistical framework that integrates observational and model-derived precipitation data to estimate extreme rainfall intensities across the country. Annual maximum precipitation intensities are computed using both stationary and non-stationary Gumbel probability distributions, covering the range of durations and return periods commonly required in hydrological and hydraulic design.

The analysis incorporates:

Five high-resolution hourly gridded precipitation datasets, representing different methodological approaches to precipitation estimation.
More than 160 quality-controlled rain gauge stations, providing reference observations for validation and bias correction.
Bias-adjusted precipitation intensities, ensuring consistency between gridded and in-situ estimates.
Trend detection techniques, including the modified Mann–Kendall test, to evaluate long-term changes in extreme rainfall behavior.

The resulting intensity estimates are calculated for durations ranging from 1 to 72 hours and for return periods between 2 and 100 years, covering the range typically required for hydraulic and hydrologic design standards. This integrated methodology captures regional differences in precipitation extremes and reflects the strong spatial variability associated with Chile’s climatic and topographic diversity.

Data sources

combines information from both observational and gridded precipitation datasets to ensure broad spatial coverage and statistical robustness.

Gridded precipitation datasets

IMERG v06B
IMERG v07B
ERA5
ERA5-Land
CMORPH-CDR

In-situ observations

Hourly precipitation records from quality-controlled rain gauge stations distributed across continental Chile.

These complementary datasets enable reliable estimation of extreme rainfall intensities in both data-rich and data-sparse regions, improving the spatial consistency and practical applicability of IDF curves nationwide.

Relevance and applications

Reliable estimates of extreme precipitation are essential for the safe design and operation of critical infrastructure. The Curvas IDF platform provides a standardized, transparent, and nationally consistent reference for evaluating rainfall extremes in Chile, particularly in the context of increasing climate variability and the prolonged drought conditions observed since 2010.

By integrating advanced statistical methods, multiple data sources, and an accessible web interface, the platform supports evidence-based decision-making in:

Hydraulic and hydrologic engineering design
Flood risk and hazard assessment
Urban stormwater management
Climate adaptation planning
Environmental and infrastructure resilience studies

In operational terms, the platform transforms complex statistical analyses into accessible, decision-ready information that can be directly applied in engineering practice, scientific research, and public-sector planning.

Reference

Soto-Escobar, C., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Tolorza, V., & Garreaud, R. (2026). . Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 30(1), 91–117. .

hydroMOPSO

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

R package.

Description

is an R package designed to support robust multi-objective optimisation of complex environmental and engineering models. It implements a state-of-the-art Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimisation (MOPSO) algorithm, tailored to address the practical challenges commonly encountered in hydrological modelling, such as non-linearity, non-smooth response surfaces, computationally intensive simulations, and competing performance criteria.

is built to integrate seamlessly with real-world modelling workflows. It can optimise models written in R as well as external simulation models executed from the system console—such as distributed hydrological or water quality models—by communicating through standard input and output files. This architecture allows users to perform advanced optimisation without modifying model source code, preserving model integrity while enabling systematic calibration across multiple parameters, variables, and time periods.

It was designed by Rodrigo Marinao and I to be flexible and computational efficienct. supports parallel execution on multi-core machines and computing clusters, making it suitable for large-scale calibration and decision-support applications. Its configurable optimisation settings and multi-objective capabilities enable users to explore trade-offs among performance metrics and identify parameter sets that balance competing modelling goals.

is widely applicable to hydrology and other environmental sciences, providing a technically rigorous and operationally practical framework for global optimisation. It is particularly well suited for researchers and practitioners who require transparent, reproducible, and scalable tools to calibrate complex models and support evidence-based analysis.

The Past 3 Years Have Been the Three Hottest

Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The recent analysis published by Berkeley Earth, corroborated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), confirms that 2025 was the third-warmest year on record. This year follows 2024 and 2023, collectively forming a three-year “warming spike” that deviates significantly from long-term linear trends and poses critical questions regarding the acceleration of anthropogenic climate change.

Statistical Overview and Record Benchmarks

In 2025, global average temperatures were estimated to be between 1.35°C and 1.53°C above the 1850–1900 pre-industrial baseline. While slightly lower than the peaks seen in 2024 ($1.46\text{--}1.62\text{°C}$) and 2023 ($1.48\text{--}1.60\text{°C}$), the data underscores a persistent breach of, or proximity to, the 1.5°C threshold established by the Paris Agreement.

NOAA-NCEI’s independent methodology, which utilizes a 20th-century average as its benchmark, reached a consistent conclusion, placing 2025 at 1.17°C above that mean. This inter-agency consensus reinforces the reliability of current global thermometry despite varying analytical frameworks.

Dynamics of the “warming spike”

Chief Scientist Robert Rohde and other researchers suggest that the 2023–2025 period represents a potential shift in climate velocity. The magnitude of this spike exceeds what is typically attributed to greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing and internal natural variability alone. Several exogenous and feedback factors are under investigation:

Aerosol Forcing: Post-2020 regulations reducing sulfur emissions from maritime shipping have inadvertently decreased the “parasol effect,” where sulfate aerosols reflect incoming solar radiation.
Volcanic Forcing: The 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption injected massive quantities of water vapor (a potent GHG) into the stratosphere, though its precise radiative forcing impact is still being quantified.
ENSO Transitions: While 2023 and 2024 were amplified by a strong El Niño, 2025 saw a transition to weak La Niña conditions. Typically, La Niña exerts a cooling influence; the fact that 2025 remained the third-hottest year despite this suggests that the underlying warming signal is increasingly dominant.

Sociopolitical and regional impacts

The human cost of this thermal trend is concentrated: in 2025, approximately 770 million people, primarily in Asia, experienced their hottest local year on record. Notably, no region on Earth recorded a record-cold year, highlighting the global scale of the imbalance.

Furthermore, data from the Rhodium Group indicates a 2.4% increase in U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2025, complicating international mitigation efforts. As the U.S. recorded its fourth-hottest year, the disconnect between climate reality and emissions trajectories remains a primary concern for policymakers.

Future projections

Berkeley Earth projects that 2026 will likely be the fourth-warmest year on record. The transition of the 2023–2025 spike from an anomaly into a potential new “baseline” suggests that historical warming rates may no longer serve as reliable predictors for future climate modeling. This underscores the urgent need for robust, open-source climate data to inform evidence-based adaptation and mitigation strategies.

For more information please visit:

Scientists say the exceptional warming observed in the past 3 years could be evidence of accelerating warming. Credit: Berkeley Earth, CC BY-NC 4.0

Article on gridded IDF curves published in HESS

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Motivation

Intensity–Duration–Frequency (IDF) curves are essential for designing infrastructure that must safely manage extreme rainfall, including urban drainage systems, culverts, and flood protection works. Traditionally, these curves depend on long-term observations from rain gauges. In many parts of Chile, however, such records are sparse, unevenly distributed, or too short to support robust design. This study evaluates whether modern gridded precipitation datasets can provide reliable alternatives for estimating rainfall extremes across Chile’s diverse climatic and topographic regions.

What is new in this study

The study analysed -for the first time in Chile- data from 161 quality-controlled hourly rain gauges together with five widely used gridded precipitation products:

IMERG (versions v06B and v07B)
ERA5
ERA5-Land
CMORPH-CDR

Then, a new systematic evaluation framework was developed to:

Correct systematic biases in gridded precipitation estimates using local observations.
Detect long-term changes in extreme precipitation intensity.
Compare conventional (stationary) and trend-aware (non-stationary) statistical models for estimating design storms with return periods from 2 to 100 years and durations from 1 to 72 hours.
Assess how the length of the precipitation record influences the reliability of design estimates

Flowchart summarising the methodology used in this study

What we found

Several findings are directly relevant for engineering practice and hydrological planning:

Extreme precipitation does not mirror average precipitation patterns. The most intense short-duration storms occur in central–southern Chile, even though total annual precipitation increases farther south.
Mountains experience substantially higher extremes. For longer storm durations, the Andes show markedly higher intensities than nearby lowland areas, indicating that design values derived from valley stations may underestimate risk in mountainous terrain.
Recent decades show declining extremes in central Chile. This pattern is consistent with the prolonged regional drought and reduced frequency of winter storm systems.
Traditional statistical assumptions remain adequate for design. Differences between stationary and non-stationary models were generally small, suggesting that standard engineering approaches remain appropriate in most applications.
Shorter records can still provide reliable estimates. In many cases, 20 years of data produced results comparable to those obtained from 40-year records, which is operationally important in data-limited regions.

Why this study is important for infrastructure and risk management

The results demonstrate that carefully evaluated gridded precipitation datasets can extend reliable rainfall design information to areas without rain gauges. This capability is particularly relevant in Chile, where steep topography and strong climatic gradients create large spatial variability in extreme rainfall.

To facilitate practical use, the authors implemented these findings in an operational web platform that provides location-specific IDF curves for continental Chile: . This tool enables engineers, planners, and public agencies to access consistent design rainfall estimates, supporting safer infrastructure development and more resilient water management under changing climatic conditions. We hope this tool might be incorporated in future design manuals in Chile.

Main screen of the web platform

The full article can be found here: .

Infographic summary, created by Google NotebookLM (23-Apr-2026)

Developing Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves using sub-daily gridded and in situ datasets: characterising precipitation extremes in a drying climate

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Soto-Escobar, C., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Tolorza, V., & Garreaud, R. (2026). Developing Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves using sub-daily gridded and in situ datasets: characterising precipitation extremes in a drying climate. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 30(1), 91--117. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-91-2026

Article on hydroMOPSO R package published in EMS

Fri, 02 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

On January 2nd, 2026, published our article entitled . This study introduces hydroMOPSO, a multi-objective, model-independent R package for the calibration of hydrological and environmental models.

Motivation

Environmental and hydrological models are widely used to support decisions on water management, flood forecasting, and climate change adaptation. A critical step in building trustworthy models is calibration, the process of adjusting model parameters so that simulations reproduce observed conditions.

Traditionally, calibration has relied on optimizing a single performance metric. While straightforward, this approach can overlook important trade-offs among different processes—such as reproducing both floods and droughts—and can lead to multiple parameter sets producing similar results, reducing confidence in model predictions.

What is novel in hydroMOPSO

is an open-source R package designed to calibrate models using multi-objective optimisation. Instead of searching for a single best solution, is able to evaluate several performance criteria simultaneously, to and identify a set of solutions that balance the competing objectives. This provides a more comprehensive view of model behavior and improves the robustness of calibration outcomes.

A central design feature of the tool is its model independence, i.e., it can be used with:

Models written directly in R.
External models executed from the command line (for example, hydrological or groundwater models).

This flexibility allows users to apply advanced optimization techniques without modifying the original model code. The package also supports parallel computing, which can substantially reduce calibration time for computationally demanding applications.

Flowchart illustrating the interaction between the main functions, from the initial PSO and hybrid search to the update of the global best

Flowchart illustrating the wrapper function required to run hydroMOPSO.

What the study demonstrated

We evaluated using both standard mathematical benachmark problems and real hydrological case studies. Across these tests, the method showed consistent advantages:

Improved search efficiency: The algorithm reached high-quality solutions more rapidly than an established alternative approach.
Better representation of trade-offs: In practical hydrological applications, the method more effectively identified the range of optimal compromises between conflicting objectives, such as matching peak flows while maintaining realistic low-flow behavior.
Operational usability: The software automatically highlights a Best Compromise Solution, helping users select a practical parameter set from among multiple optimal options.

Results of the R-external model calibration using SWAT+.

Why this is important for applied modelling

Multi-objective calibration methods are often perceived as complex to implement and interpret. This work demonstrates that such approaches can be integrated into routine modelling workflows using accessible, open-source tools. By improving calibration transparency and efficiency, the framework supports more credible simulations for water resources planning, environmental assessment, and risk management.

The package is publicly distributed through the , ensuring open access, reproducibility, and long-term availability for the modelling community.

The full article can be found here: .

Infographic summary, created by Google NotebookLM (23-Apr-2026)

hydroMOPSO: A flexible and model-independent multi-objective optimisation R package for environmental and hydrological models

Fri, 02 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Marinao, R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., & Baez-Villanueva, O. M. (2026). hydroMOPSO: A flexible and model-independent multi-objective optimisation R package for environmental and hydrological models. Environmental Modelling & Software, 198, 106851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106851

Article on hydropedological clustering published in JoH

Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

On December 19th, 2025, published our article entitled . This study investigates how different soil datasets and classification approaches affect the performance of the SWAT+ hydrological model in simulating low streamflows and soil water content (SWC).

Motivation

In Mediterranean climates, such as central Chile, rivers often experience very low flows during long dry seasons. These low flows are critical for agriculture, drinking water supply, and ecosystem health. Yet they remain difficult to be reliably simulated because the way soils store and release water is complex and varies substantially across the landscape. Many hydrological models rely on global soil databases that do not fully capture local soil behavior. This study evaluates a new method for organizing soil information, called hydropedological clustering, to improve the simulation of low streamflows in the Cauquenes catchment.

What is new in this study

The researchers compared four different soil datasets, including widely used global maps and locally developed soil information. They introduced a new clustering strategy that groups soils according to key soil hydraulic properties that directly control water movement and storage:

Saturated hydraulic conductivity, which governs how quickly water can move through soil
Available water capacity, which determines how much water soil can retain for plants
The van Genuchten α parameter, which reflects soil pore structure

Rather than classifying soils only by texture (sand, silt, and clay), this method focuses on how soils actually function hydrologically. The result is a more meaningful representation of soil processes within the model.

What we found

The hydropedological clustering method produced consistently better results than conventional soil classifications. It improved the accuracy of low-flow simulations, reproduced key hydrological indicators more realistically, and reduced model calibration time. The approach also provided more reliable estimates of soil moisture across the root zone, avoiding the large overestimations often associated with coarse global datasets. A central conclusion is that how soils are classified can matter more than how detailed the map resolution is!.

Why this study is important for water management

Reliable low-flow simulations are essential for managing water during droughts, when supply is limited and demand is high. Improved modelling supports better decisions on water allocation, irrigation planning, environmental flow protection, and energy production. The study demonstrates a practical and transferable framework for integrating locally relevant soil knowledge into hydrological models. This capability is particularly valuable for regions facing increasing water stress under climate variability and prolonged drought conditions.

The full article can be found here: .

Graphical abstract

Infographic summary, created by Google NotebookLM (23-Apr-2026)

Hydropedological clustering: improving the representation of low streamflows in a semi-distributed hydrological model

Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Gimeno, F., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Alvarez-Garreton, C., & Galleguillos, M. (2025). Hydropedological clustering: improving the representation of low streamflows in a semi-distributed hydrological model. Journal of Hydrology, 667, 134787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134787

SICA: Integrated Climate and Water System in Chile (TA25I10030. )

Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Context and motivation

Climate change is intensifying hydrological extremes; such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves; posing growing challenges for water resources management and risk reduction. Addressing these challenges requires reliable, spatially consistent hydrological simulations at the catchment scale, capable of linking atmospheric processes with surface water responses across diverse climatic and physiographic conditions. High-quality, integrated climate–hydrology information is therefore essential to support robust scientific analysis and evidence-based decision-making.

Project description

SICLO is a four-year research project (December 2025–November 2029) funded by the Chilean National Agency for Research and Development ( ) under the Concurso IDeA I+D Tecnologías Avanzadas 2025 call. The project aims to develop an integrated climate service for continental Chile by coupling satellite-based observations, regional climate modeling, and distributed surface hydrological modeling.

The SICLO framework will generate physically consistent estimates of key atmospheric and hydrological variables across historical, near-real-time, and future climate scenarios, with a particular emphasis on catchment-scale processes. The resulting datasets and modeling tools are designed to support hydrological analysis, impact assessment, and the evaluation of climate-driven changes in water availability and extremes.

The project (ANID-TA25I10030: SICA – Integrated Climate and Water System in Chile) is led by the Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2) and brings together a multidisciplinary team of researchers and professionals, including Juan P. Boisier (Director, PI), Camila Alvarez-Garreton (Co-Director, PI), Mauricio Galleguillos, Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, Francisca Muñoz, René Garreaud, and Pilar Barría.

Hidrodesafios 2025 Seminar

Wed, 26 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

On Wednesday, November 26th 2025, I participated as a speaker at the seminar “ ” organized by the Sanitation Services Concessionaire Company S.A. (ECONSSA Chile) with sponsorship from the Chilean Association for Water Rights (AChDA) and Fundación Chile.

This event took place from 8:30 hrs at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in the Las Condes district, with the objective of addressing the future of the sanitation sector in a context of water scarcity and climate change, and analyzing the role of seawater desalination and wastewater reuse in confronting the water crisis.

My presentation was entitled “ ”, in which I addressed three key challenges for water resources in the Araucanía Region:

changes in the hydrological regime of mountain catchments and their impact on projected spring and summer streamflows,
selection of indices and timescales used to monitor droughts and the importance of linking them with droughts impacts on the territory,
the role of soil moisture in peak streamflows generated by intense storms, and preliminary results from an early flood warning system currently developed for critical basins of the Araucanía Region.

At the end of the day, representatives from the two presidential candidates debated the future of the healthcare sector in the context of water scarcity and climate change.

More information and the program for the event can be found at

Debate on proposals for the water and sanitary sector in Chile

III Regional Climate Change Seminar

Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

On Friday, November 21 2025, I participated as a speaker at the III Regional Climate Change Seminar, organized by the Regional Environmental Secretariat (SEREMI) of the Araucanía Region, the Regional Government of the Araucanía Region, the Catholic University of Temuco, and EBP.

The seminar aimed to share the contents of the with key stakeholders in the region, strengthening regional understanding, ownership, and commitment to addressing the challenges of climate change.

Through a participatory, informative, and cultural forum, the seminar sought to highlight the actions being implemented in the region, promote the exchange of experiences, and raise awareness about the importance of local climate action to move towards a more resilient and sustainable region. The event included the participation of regional experts and professionals from public institutions who presented studies, projects, and public policy developments with an applied focus on case studies.

Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini’s presentation, titled showcased the progress of the ( ) on three key issues related to water resources in the Araucanía Region:

Changes in the hydrological regime of mountain basins and their impact on projected spring and summer flows,
Trends towards increased droughts and water scarcity,
increased risk of floods and mudslides, with damage to communities and infrastructure.

A panel discussion followed.

SICyR 2025: Sessions HC2 and HC7

Fri, 07 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Members of the participated in the , an event that brought together leading researchers, academics, and professionals from the social and natural sciences. The symposium took place on November 3-4 in Santiago, where the plenary sessions and workshops were held, and continued from November 5-7 in Viña del Mar, where the thematic scientific sessions took place.

Scientific Sessions

Between November 5th and 7th, I organized two thematic sessions. The first, HC7. Droughts: Monitoring, Propagation, and Impacts in a Changing Climate, was co-organized by Dr. Pablo Spennemann, an Argentinian professor with whom I have maintained an active collaboration since the , an initiative aimed at strengthening scientific exchange on drought in South America. The second session was HC2. Hydrological Processes in a Changing Climate, which I co-organized with Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos from Adolfo Ibáñez University, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue on hydrological processes in a changing climate context.

Furthermore, I gave an oral presentation titled “Understanding soil memory: how antecedent moisture modulates streamflow responses to precipitation events,” a collaborative work with Dr. Oscar Báez-Villanueva (University of Ghent, Belgium), Dr. Violeta Tolorza (formerly of UFRO), and student Héctor Garcés-Figueroa. This study addresses the influence of antecedent soil moisture on the hydrological response to precipitation events and is part of the Fondecyt Regular Project No. 1212071.

Similarly, some members of the presented the following work:

Héctor Garcés-Figueroa, a research assistant on the Fondecyt Regular project 1212071, gave an oral presentation on the work “Ahead of the Flood: Medium-Range Hydrological Forecasting for Southern Chilean Catchments” which explores the use of medium-range hydrological forecasts to improve flood anticipation in basins in southern Chile. He also co-authored the presentation by Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini.
Rocío Muñoz, a member of the Observatory and a Civil Engineer from the University of La Frontera, presented a poster titled “Operational Monitoring of Soil Moisture Anomalies for Continental Chile”. This work makes a significant contribution to the development of tools for monitoring and analyzing soil moisture at a national scale, and is part of his doctoral thesis project.
Fernando Gimeno Molina, a doctoral candidate in the Doctoral Program in Natural Resources Sciences at the University of La Frontera, presented his research in poster format, titled “Soil Mapping Matters: Changes in High Streamflow Simulations through Spatial Soil Information”. His study highlighted the relevance of spatial soil information in modeling high-flow events, a key issue for flood risk management.

The presentations by the Kimün-Ko team generated considerable interest among the attendees, receiving positive and insightful feedback from researchers at various national and international universities. The quality of the work, along with the approach applied to the current challenges of climate change and water resource management, was widely recognized by the scientific community.

The Observatory’s participation in this symposium reaffirms its commitment to cutting-edge research and interdisciplinary collaboration, contributing relevant knowledge to build a more resilient society in the face of the impacts of climate change.

Drought Propagation

Finally, this international symposium allowed me to meet for the first time with Dr. Pablo Spennemann, an Argentinian researcher with whom I am investigating the mechanisms and timescales that control drought propagation in four Chilean river basins (Petorca, Mapocho, Cauquenes, and Trancura), from precipitation deficits to decreased soil moisture and flow rates, and the impact on vegetation.

Former and current Kimün-Ko members along with Dr. Mauricio Gellguillos (UAI), Giancarlo Casanova, DR(c) Emilia Figueiras (AR) y Dr. Pablo Spennemann

SICyR 2025: Course 'Using R for Spatiotemporal Data Analysis'

Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

R Course: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis

On November 4th 2025, I taught the course Using R for Spatiotemporal Data Analysis: Application to Precipitation from CR2Met2.5, which was attended by undergraduate and graduate students, as well as public and private sector professionals.

Course Using R for Spatiotemporal Data Analysis: Application to Precipitation from CR2Met2.5

Hyperdroughts in central Chile: drivers, impacts, and projections

Sat, 25 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Garreaud, R., Boisier, J. P., Alvarez-Garreton, C., Christie, D. A., Carrasco-Escaff, T., Vergara, I., Chávez, R. O., Aldunce, P., Camus, P., Suazo-Álvarez, M., Masiokas, M., Castro, G., Muñoz, A., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Fuster, R., & Godoy, L. (2025). Hyperdroughts in central Chile: drivers, impacts, and projections. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 29(20), 5347--5369. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5347-2025

XXVII Congreso Chileno de Hidráulica: Course 'Using R for spatio-temporal data analysis: application to daily data CR2Met v2.5'

Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

R Course: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis

From October 20th to 25th, the was held at the Faculty of Engineering of Concepción (FI UdeC). The congress was convened by the Chilean Society of Hydraulic Engineering (SOCHID) and organized by the Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Concepción. The event consisted of courses, scientific presentations, and lectures featuring the participation of engineers, academics, and students.

On October 21th, I taught the course Using R for spatio-temporal data analysis: application to daily data CR2Met v2.5, which was attended by undergraduate and graduate students, as well as public and private sector professionals.

Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini at Foro UdeC

UFRO team at Foro UdeC

UFRO team with Dr. Oscar Link (UdeC)

RcamelsCL

Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Description

is an R package developed to provide streamlined and reliable access to the Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large Sample Studies – Chile dataset ( ), a widely used benchmark resource for large-sample hydrology and comparative catchment analysis. This package focuses on simplifying the acquisition, organisation, and handling of both spatial and temporal data required for hydrological research and modelling across diverse climatic and physiographic regions of Chile.

It was designed by Héctor Garcés-Figueroa and I to support reproducible scientific workflows. offers a consistent interface for downloading and managing hydrometeorological time series and catchment attributes directly from the official data repository. By standardising data access and preprocessing steps, the package reduces the time and effort typically required to prepare datasets for analysis, allowing users to focus on model development, hypothesis testing, and large-sample hydrological investigations.

Importantly, preserves the integrity of the original dataset by providing direct access to the original raw data, without altering their content. This approach ensures transparency and traceability in scientific applications, which is particularly relevant for studies involving benchmarking, model intercomparison, and regional hydrological assessment.

Well suited for research, teaching, and operational analysis, provides a technically sound and efficient gateway to one of the most comprehensive hydrological datasets available for Chile. It is especially valuable for users seeking a reliable foundation for data-driven hydrological studies and reproducible environmental research.

R package.

Two works at EGU 2025

Tue, 29 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

During the week of April 28th to May 2nd, 2025, I participated in the 2025 European Geosciences Union ( ) Conference, held in Vienna, Austria. This is the most important European conference in the field of Earth Sciences, held annually and attracting researchers from all over the world.

On this occasion, I presented a poster and participated as a co-author in an oral presentation:

. This works presents the first South American evaluation of various gridded soil moisture products, which were compared with in situ measurements available in four Chilean watersheds since 2021. The poster is available at . This collaboration was only possible thanks to funding provided by ANID through the Fondecyt Regular project 1212071, which allowed the colaboration with (U. Adolfo Ibañez) and Daniel Nuñez, a student from the in U. de Chile.

Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini at EGU 2025

. In this work, Héctor Garcés, a thesis student of the Civil Engineering degree at Universidad de La Frontera, presented to the international community the development of a prototype flood early warning system, applied to critical catchments in the Araucanía region. This prototype was developed by the student as part of his undergraduate thesis and during a professional internship at the General Water Directorate of the Araucanía Region. It should be noted that this work was an oral presentation, which is an important exception at this very prestigious international event. Normally, only academics, doctoral students, postdocs, and master’s thesis students present at this conference. This reflects the high quality of the work being conducted by thesis student Héctor Garcés. This work also received ANID funding through the Chile-China international collaboration project and the Fondecyt Regular project 1212071.

Héctor Garcés F. at EGU 2025

Finally, during this conference I was able to discuss possibilities of collaboration with from the Univeridad Diego Portales, and to talk about a joint article with from Ghent University (Belgium), and with from Sun Yat-sen University (China, co-PI of the international collaboration project NSFC190018), among others.

Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini, Dr. Pizarro and an Italian colleague at EGU 2025

Héctor Garcés F., a Chilean student in Europe, Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini, Dr. Pizarro at EGU 2025

Technical note: What does the Standardized Streamflow Index actually reflect? Insights and implications for hydrological drought analysis

Tue, 22 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Lema, F., Mendoza, P. A., Vásquez, N. A., Mizukami, N., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., & Vargas, X. (2025). Technical note: What does the Standardized Streamflow Index actually reflect? Insights and implications for hydrological drought analysis. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 29(8), 1981--2002. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1981-2025

WMO confirms 2024 as warmest year on record at about 1.55°C above pre-industrial level

Fri, 10 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has released a consolidated report confirming that 2024 was the warmest calendar year on record. By synthesizing six leading international datasets, the WMO provides a high-confidence assessment of global thermal anomalies, the state of oceanic heat reservoirs, and the current standing of international climate targets.

1. Temperature anomalies and statistical significance

The global mean surface temperature in 2024 was calculated at $1.55 \text{°C}$ above the 1850–1900 pre-industrial baseline, with a margin of uncertainty of $\pm 0.13 \text{°C}$. This marks the first time a single calendar year has likely exceeded the 1.5°C threshold.

To ensure authoritative results, the WMO integrated data from the following institutions:

Atmospheric/Satellite Agencies: ECMWF (Europe), Japan Meteorological Agency, NASA (USA).
Surface Instrumental Records: NOAA (USA), Berkeley Earth, and the UK Met Office (HadCRUT).

While all six datasets identified 2024 as the warmest year, slight methodological variations mean that not every individual agency placed the anomaly above 1.5°C. However, the consolidated mean provides a robust signal of unprecedented global heating.

2. The Paris agreement vs. annual spikes

A critical technical distinction made in the report concerns the Paris Agreement. WMO experts clarify that a single-year breach of 1.5°C does not constitute a failure to meet the treaty’s long-term goals. The Paris Agreement targets are measured over multi-decadal averages (typically 20–30 years).

Current Long-Term Warming: As of 2024, the assessed long-term global warming trend stands at approximately 1.3°C above the baseline.
Transient Forcing: The 2024 spike was amplified by a strong El Niño event that persisted from mid-2023 through May 2024.

Despite this distinction, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo emphasized that every fraction of a degree matters, as incremental increases correlate directly with the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, cryosphere loss, and sea-level rise.

3. Marine thermodynamics and Ocean Heat Content (OHC)

While surface temperatures capture public attention, the report highlights that 90% of excess heat from anthropogenic warming is absorbed by the oceans. A study in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences cited by the WMO indicates that ocean temperatures have reached record highs in both surface and sub-surface layers (down to 2,000 meters).

Energy Benchmark: Between 2023 and 2024, the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean gained 16 Zettajoules ($10^{21}$ Joules) of heat. For context, this energy increase is approximately 140 times the total global electricity generation for the year 2023.

This massive thermal inertia in the marine system ensures that sea-level rise and glacier retreat will continue for centuries, regardless of short-term surface temperature fluctuations.

4. Policy implications and future monitoring

UN Secretary-General António Guterres utilized the report to call for trail-blazing climate action, urging governments to submit revised national climate action plans. The data serves as a technical foundation for the UN Climate Change negotiating process, providing the empirical evidence required for global decarbonization strategies. The WMO will release a comprehensive “State of the Global Climate 2024” report in March 2025, detailing further indicators such as greenhouse gas concentrations and sea-ice extent.

For more information please visit:

.
Xie, SP., Miyamoto, A., Zhang, P. et al. What made 2023 and 2024 the hottest years in a row?. npj Clim Atmos Sci 8, 117 (2025).

“Today’s assessment from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) proves yet again – global heating is a cold, hard fact,” said UN Secretary-General Antóno Guterres. Source: WMO

Disponibilidad y seguridad hídrica en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. ¿ Nuevos factores de riesgo?

Thu, 10 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Petermann-Rocha, F., Pizarro, A., Nazar, G., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Plaza-Garrido, A., Díaz-Toro, F., Troncoso-Pantoja, C., Celis, A., Sugg, D., & Celis-Morales, C. (2024). Disponibilidad y seguridad hídrica en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. ¿ Nuevos factores de riesgo?. Revista médica de Chile, 152(5), 643--644. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872024000500643

Exotic tree plantations in the Chilean Coastal Range: balancing the effects of discrete disturbances, connectivity, and a persistent drought on catchment erosion

Fri, 05 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Tolorza, V., Mohr, C. H., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Sotomayor, B., Poblete-Caballero, D., Carretier, S., Galleguillos, M., & Seguel, O. (2024). Exotic tree plantations in the Chilean Coastal Range: balancing the effects of discrete disturbances, connectivity, and a persistent drought on catchment erosion. Earth Surface Dynamics, 12(4), 841--861. https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-841-2024

Mawün-NRT: Near real-time gridded precipitation for Chile

Wed, 12 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Motivation

In an era characterized by increasing climate variability and the intensification of extreme weather events, the need for accurate and timely precipitation data has never been more critical. While several websites and applications offer weather forecasts that are improving every day, there is a critical gap in readily available post-event precipitation data.

Description

Mawün-NRT (in Mapuzungun, “mawün” means “rain”) is a free and publicly accessible web platform ( ) that provides a user-friendly visualisation of the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation events for continental Chile in near real-time.

Main screen of web platform

Mawün-NRT was developed by the former student Rodrigo Marinao and I with the support of the and the , to supplement the existing web platform Mawün ( , which is focused on historical precipitation data.

Three state-of-the-art precipitation products are included in this first version of Mawün-NRT:

i) the near-real-time Multi-Source Weather (MSWX-NRT, 3-hourly, 0.1°),

ii) PERSIANN Dynamic Infrared–Rain Rate (PDIR-Now, hourly and 0.04°) and

iii) the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERGv07 and IMERGv06, half-hourly, 0.1°) in both the Early and Late versions.

In addition, hourly data from hundreds of rain gauges of different Chilean institutions (e.g. DGA, DMC, Agromet, CEAZA) are collected in near real-time by the Vismet web platform ( ) and used in Mawün-NRT to compare the gridded precipitation estimates with the corresponding in situ values, as a soft measure of the uncertainty in the precipitation estimates.

The near real-time capabilities of Mawün-NRT allows decision makers to evaluate which product provides better identification of the spatial area really affected by the precipitation event, fostering a timely decision-making and a proactive response to evolving weather conditions. A case study shows the monitoring of an extreme event that affected the south-central area of Chile in June of this year 2024, with devastating societal and economic impacts.

A detailed tutorial can be found .

Some example applications can be found .

Two works at EGU 2024

Sat, 13 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

During the week of April 15 to 19, 2024, two works will be presented by PhD(c) Fernando Gimeno in the , held in the city of Wien (Austria):

. This works presents the development of Intensity-Duratin-Frequency (IDF) curves for the climatically and topographically diverse Chilean territory (17-56ºS), using both stationary and non-stationary approaches based on three state-of-the-art gridded datasets (IMERGv06B, ERA5, ERA5-Land). This collaboration was only possible thanks to funding provided by ANID-Fondecyt Regular 1212071, ANID-PCI NSFC 190018, and ANID-Fondecyt Iniciación 111908064.
. This work addresses the pressing need for robust soil input data for SWAT+ hydrological model, by evaluating assessing the performance of four different soil type maps in the respresenation of streamflows and soild moisture data in the mediterranean Cauquenes in Desembocadura River Basin. This work was only possible thanks to funding provided by ANID-Fondecyt Regular 1212071, ANID-PCI NSFC 190018.

My Caption

HESS Opinions: The unsustainable use of groundwater conceals a 'Day Zero'

Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Alvarez-Garreton, C., Boisier, J. P., Garreaud, R., González, J., Rondanelli, R., Gayó, E., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2024). HESS Opinions: The unsustainable use of groundwater conceals a 'Day Zero'. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 28(7), 1605--1616. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1605-2024

Anemometer installation at the Invernada station

Tue, 09 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Last Tuesday, April 9th 2024, part of the Water Resources Observatory team of the Department of Civil Engineering ( ) of the Universidad of La Frontera carried out the installation of an anemometer in the Invernada meteorological station located in the Conguillio National Park (Los Paraguas sector).

The installation of this anemometer will allow the station to record both the average hourly wind speed, the gust speed (maximum instantaneous speed), and the wind direction. These parameters are added to the existing measurements of precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity and dew point, providing essential data for future research related to water resources in the region. In particular, from now on it will be possible to estimate the reference evapotranspiration, which accounts for the maximum amount of water that a standard crop is capable of evaporating.

It is important to note that this station is one of the few located at an elevation close to 1000 meters above sea level in the La Araucanía Region. In addition, this station transmits data in (almost) real time, which can be viewed at the following link:

This milestone marked the end of a great filed work day for the team, which in this occasion included Dra. Rebeca Martínez, Civil Engineer Rodrigo Marinao, undergratuate student Marfa Saldivia and Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini. During the installation day it was also possible to carry out other routine activities, including streamflow measurements (through gauging and mass balance) and estimation of soil hydraulic conductivity (double ring infiltrometer).

These advances have been possible thanks to the funding provided by the projects: ANID Fondecyt Regular 1212071, ANID-NSFC 190018, ANID Fondecyt Postdoctoral 11190864, UFRO Postdoc grant405VRIP20P001, and ANID Fondecyt Postdoctoral 3220382.

Anemómetro

Estación invernada

Parte del equipo de trabjo

Article on hydrological drought monitoring published in HESS

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

On March 28th, 2024, published the article entitled . This study investigates the suitability of different drought indices and temporal scales for monitoring streamflow drought in catchments with different hydrological regimes.

Considering the lack of consensus on which drought indices and temporal scales are most appropriate for monitoring hydrological droughts, and the growing interest in the use of spatially distributed drought indices in ungauged areas (i.e, without streamflow data), this study addresses the following questions:

i) Which temporal scales of precipitation-based indices are best suited to assess streamflow drought in catchments with different hydrological regimes?

ii) Are soil moisture indices superior to meteorological indices as proxies of streamflow drought?

iii) Are snow indices more effective than meteorological indices for assessing streamflow drought in snow-influenced catchments?

To answer these questions, we investigated 100 near-natural catchments in Chile with four hydrological regimes (nival, nivo-pluvial, pluvio-nival, and pluvial), using the standardised precipitation index (SPI), the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), the empirical standardised soil moisture index (ESSMI), and the standardised snow water equivalent index (SWEI), aggregated over different temporal scales. Cross-correlation and event coincidence analyses were performed between these indices and the standardised streamflow index on a temporal scale of 1 month (SSI-1), as representative of streamflow drought events.

Our results reveal that no single drought index and temporal scale can be recommended for all catchments and hydrological regimes, and that snow-influenced catchments require drought indices with larger temporal scales. In particular, for snowmelt-driven catchments characterised by a slow response of runoff to precipitation we recommend SPI-12 and SPI-24 as the best proxy indices for characterising streamflow droughts. In contrast, for faster-response rainfall-driven catchments we recommend the SPI-3 as the best proxies. Although soil moisture and snowpack are key variables that modulate the propagation of meteorological deficits into hydrological ones, the SPI and SPEI meteorological indices generally outperformed the soil moisture and snowpack-based indices in monitoring streamflow drought. Finally, to exclude the influence of non-drought periods, we recommend using the event coincidence analysis, a method that helps to assess the suitability of meteorological, soil moisture, and/or snowpack-based drought indices as proxies for streamflow drought events.

The to this article contains much aditional information on:

the selection of soil moisture and SWE products (S1),
the temporal scales with the highest cross-correlation and event coincidence rates (S2),
boxplots for analysing the cross-correlation and event coincidence on different temporal scales and with different lag times (S3),
spatial analysis for cross-correlation and event coincidence analysis at different temporal scales and lag times (S4),
boxplots for the cross-correlation analysis for different hydrological regimes (S5),
boxplots for the event coincidence analysis for different hydrological regimes (S6),
difference between parametric and non-parametric approach for the calculation of drought indices for soil moisture (S7),
summary of them median monthly P and Q values for all selected catchments (S8), and
figures with the median monthly P and Q values for all selected catchments (S9).

This work is the result of years of international collaboration with Dr. Oscar M. Baez-Villanueva, collecting and analysing different gridded datasets of key meteorological variables, since the ANID Fondecyt 11150861 project in 2017. In particular, this article was an integral part of the project lead by Camila Álvarez-Garretón and Juan Pablo Boisier at the , and received additional funding from the research projects led by me at , Chile.

I hope that the results of this article can be considered by the General Directorate of Water of Chile (DGA) to improve the criteria used to monitor and identify hydrological droughts in Chile, within the framework of water scarcity declarations (Res. Exe. DGA No. 1331/2022, and articles 314 and 315 of the Chilean Water Code).

The full article can be found here: .

Graphical abstract

On the timescale of drought indices for monitoring streamflow drought considering catchment hydrological regimes

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Miralles, D. G., Beck, H. E., Siegmund, J. F., Alvarez-Garreton, C., Verbist, K., Garreaud, R., Boisier, J. P., & Galleguillos, M. (2024). On the timescale of drought indices for monitoring streamflow drought considering catchment hydrological regimes. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 28(6), 1415--1439. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1415-2024

Land Management Drifted: Land Use Scenario Modeling of Trancura River Basin, Araucanía, Chile

Tue, 30 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Díaz-Jara, A., Manuschevich, D., Grau, A., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2024). Land Management Drifted: Land Use Scenario Modeling of Trancura River Basin, Araucanía, Chile. Land, 13(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13020157

2023 was the warmest year on record, (NOAA)

Fri, 12 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Earth’s average land and ocean surface temperature in 2023 was 1.18ºC above the 20th century, the highest global temperature among all years in NOAA’s 1850-2023 climate record. It also beats the next warmest year, 2016, by a record-setting margin of 0.15ºC.

The 10 warmest years since 1850 have all occurred in the past decade. In fact, the average global temperature for 2023 exceeded the pre-industrial (1850-1900) average by 1.35ºC.

For more information please visit:

My Caption

PatagoniaMet: A multi-source hydrometeorological dataset for Western Patagonia

Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Aguayo, R., León-Muñoz, J., Aguayo, M., Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Fernández, A., & Jacques-Coper, M. (2024). PatagoniaMet: A multi-source hydrometeorological dataset for Western Patagonia. Scientific Data, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02828-2

Example Talk: Recent Work

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Example Talk

Dr. Alex Johnson · Meta AI

Research Overview

Multimodal LLMs
Efficient training
Responsible AI

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def score(x: int) -> int:
    return x * x

$$ E = mc^2 $$

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Research Results

Model	Accuracy	Speed	Memory
Baseline	87.3%	1.0x	2GB
Ours (v1)	92.1%	1.5x	1.8GB
Ours (v2)	95.8%	2.3x	1.2GB

Key Finding: 8.5% improvement over baseline with 40% memory reduction

Note: Tables are perfect for comparative results. Markdown tables are simple and version-control friendly.

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Recent work by Smith et al. (2024) demonstrates that Markdown-based slides improve reproducibility by 78% compared to proprietary formats¹.

Media: YouTube Videos

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Media: All Options

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Interactive Elements

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Smith, J. et al. (2024). Open Science Presentations. Nature Methods. ↩︎

Embed Media

Tue, 24 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

is designed to give technical content creators a seamless experience. You can focus on the content and the HugoBlox Kit which this template is built upon handles the rest.

Embed videos, podcasts, code, LaTeX math, and even test students!

On this page, you’ll find some examples of the types of technical content that can be rendered with Hugo Blox.

Video

Teach your course by sharing videos with your students. Choose from one of the following approaches:

Youtube:

{{< youtube w7Ft2ymGmfc >}}

Bilibili:

{{< bilibili id="BV1WV4y1r7DF" >}}

Video file

Videos may be added to a page by either placing them in your assets/media/ media library or in your , and then embedding them with the video shortcode:

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You can add a podcast or music to a page by placing the MP3 file in the page’s folder or the media library folder and then embedding the audio on your page with the audio shortcode:

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Try it out:

Test students

Provide a simple yet fun self-assessment by revealing the solutions to challenges with the spoiler shortcode:

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You found me!
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renders as

👉 Click to view the solution

You found me 🎉

Math

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To render inline or block math, wrap your LaTeX math with {{< math >}}$...${{< /math >}} or {{< math >}}$$...$${{< /math >}}, respectively.

Note

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Example math block:

{{< math >}}
$$
\gamma_{n} = \frac{ \left | \left (\mathbf x_{n} - \mathbf x_{n-1} \right )^T \left [\nabla F (\mathbf x_{n}) - \nabla F (\mathbf x_{n-1}) \right ] \right |}{\left \|\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n}) - \nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n-1}) \right \|^2}
$$
{{< /math >}}

renders as

$$\gamma_{n} = \frac{ \left | \left (\mathbf x_{n} - \mathbf x_{n-1} \right )^T \left [\nabla F (\mathbf x_{n}) - \nabla F (\mathbf x_{n-1}) \right ] \right |}{\left \|\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n}) - \nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n-1}) \right \|^2}$$

Example inline math {{< math >}}$\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n})${{< /math >}} renders as $\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n})$ .

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{{< math >}}
$$f(k;p_{0}^{*}) = \begin{cases}p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=1, \\
1-p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=0.\end{cases}$$
{{< /math >}}

renders as

$$ f(k;p_{0}^{*}) = \begin{cases}p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=1, \\ 1-p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=0.\end{cases} $$

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HugoBlox Kit utilises Hugo’s Markdown extension for highlighting code syntax. The code theme can be selected in the config/_default/params.yaml file.

```python
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
data.head()
```

renders as

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
data.head()

Inline Images

{{< icon name="python" >}} Python

renders as

python Python

Experience

Tue, 24 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Hottest July on Record (174 years), (NASA)

Mon, 14 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Earth just roasted under its hottest July on record, according to scientists from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and also ffrom scientist from NASA.

For the fourth-consecutive month, the global ocean surface temperature also hit a record high.

Overall, July 2023 was 0.24ºC warmer than any other July in NASA’s record (since 1880), and it was 1.18ºC warmer than the average July between 1951 and 1980.

Parts of South America, North Africa, North America, and the Antarctic Peninsula were especially hot, experiencing temperatures increases around 4ºC above average. Overall, extreme heat this summer put tens of millions of people under heat warnings and was linked to hundreds of heat-related illnesses and deaths. The record-breaking July continues a long-term trend of human-driven warming driven primarily by greenhouse gas emissions that has become evident over the past four decades. According to NASA data, the five hottest Julys since 1880 have all happened in the past five years.

“Climate change is impacting people and ecosystems around the world, and we expect many of these impacts to escalate with continued warming” said Katherine Calvin, chief scientist and senior climate advisor at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Our agency observes climate change, its impacts, and its drivers, like greenhouse gases, and we are committed providing this information to help people plan for the future.”.

For more information please visit:

This map shows global temperature anomalies for July 2023 according to the GISTEMP analysis by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Temperature anomalies reflect how July 2023 compared to the average July temperature from 1951-1980.Credits: NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies

Earth just had its hottest June on record (NOAA)

Thu, 13 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The world just sweltered through its hottest June in the 174-year global climate record.

The June global surface temperature was 1.05°C above the 20th-century average of 15.5°C, making it the warmest June on record. This marked the first time a June temperature exceeded 1°C above the long-term average.

June 2023 was 0.13°C warmer than the previous June record from 2020, but 0.29°C cooler than the all-time highest monthly temperature anomaly on record (March 2016).

June 2023 marked the 47th consecutive June and the 532nd consecutive month with temperatures at least nominally above the 20th-century average.

Additionally, Earth’s ocean surface temperature anomaly, which indicates how much warmer or cooler temperatures are from the long-term average, were the highest ever recorded and the sea ice coverage hit a record low, according to scientists from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information.

For more information please visit:

This map shows global temperature anomalies for June 2023 according to the GISTEMP analysis by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Temperature anomalies reflect how June 2023 compared to the average June temperature from 1951-1980. Credits: NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies

Después de la gran tormenta, ¿cómo rediseñaremos? (El Mostrador)

Fri, 07 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

I just published an opinion column in the newspaper El Mostrador on how we will redesign the infrastructure that have been affected by the big storm that hit the Central-South zone of Chile in the end of June of this year 2023.

In this column, I states that it is of vital importance that the design of future infrastructure works considers -at least- the estimation of flood risk maps, and that the use of floodplains (free of human settlements) be prioritized in the communal regulatory plans, floodplains that must be estimated using the best data and techniques available, to avoid future human, social and material tragedies.

For more information please visit:

My Caption

Two works at International SWAT Conference (Aarhus, Dinamarca)

Fri, 07 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

During the week of June 26th to 30th, 2023, I participated in the International Conference , held at the (Aarhus Denmark). This is a small conference, aimed at all scientists working with the worldwide. On this occasion, more than 170 scientists from 41 countries on six continents participated.

I participated as co-author in one paper and presented another:

. In this work, the Master’s candidate Rodrigo Marinao Rivas presented to the eco-hydrological model user community. is a new package for multi-objective calibration, which combines two search mechanisms to maintain population diversity and accelerate its convergence towards the Pareto optimal front. is model-independent, allowing the calibration engine to interact with any type of model that needs to be run from the command line, including SWAT and SWAT+, but also other hydrological models available in R (eg, , , ). In addition, is independent of the operating system used (i.e. it can run on GNU/Linux, Mac OSX and Windows, among others) and can run on multi-core machines or network clusters, which significantly alleviates the load computational associated with the optimization of complex models with long execution times.
. In this paper, Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini presented an application of the multi-objective calibration software to the eco-hydrological model implemented in the Trancura River Basin before Llafenco (Araucanía Region). In this work, two cases of multi-objective calibration were analyzed. In the first case study, the SWAT+ model was simultaneously calibrated for two time periods: one with normal/wet conditions and one with dry conditions (i.e., below-normal rainfall). In the second case study, daily flows at the outlet of the basin and average monthly real evapotranspiration throughout the basin were calibrated simultaneously. The package has been developed by Civil Engineer Rodrigo Marinao, who is a graduate of Civil Engineering at the Universidad de la Frontera, a student of the Master’s Degree in Engineering Sciences from the same university, and a research assistant at the Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2). The collaboration between Rodrigo Marinao and I began from the Hydrology course in the Civil Engineering degree, and has continued uninterrupted since then. This work also received funding from the .

Finally, during this conference, I took the opportunity to clarify doubts about the implementation of the growth of some plant species typical of Chile, learn about the latest advances in the development of the model (e.g., , , ), and possibilities of collaboration with doctoral candidate from the .

My Caption

Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts

Tue, 16 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Kreibich, , H., , Schröter, , K., , Baldassarre, D., G., , Loon, V., F, A., Mazzoleni, , M., , Abeshu, , W, G., Agafonova, , S., , AghaKouchak, , A., , Aksoy, , H., , Alvarez-Garreton, , C., , Aznar, , B., , Balkhi, , L., , Barendrecht, , H, M., Biancamaria, , S., , Bos-Burgering, , L., , Bradley, , C., , Budiyono, , Y., , Buytaert, , W., , Capewell, , L., , Carlson, , H., , Cavus, , Y., , Couasnon, , A., , Coxon, , G., , Daliakopoulos, , I., , Ruiter, d., C, M., Delus, , C., , Erfurt, , M., , Esposito, , G., , François, , D., , Frappart, , F., , Freer, , J., , Frolova, , N., , Gain, , K, A., Grillakis, , M., , Grima, , O, J., Guzmán, , A, D., Huning, , S, L., Ionita, , M., , Kharlamov, , M., , Khoi, , N, D., Kieboom, , N., , Kireeva, , M., , Koutroulis, , A., , Lavado-Casimiro, , W., , Li, , H.-Y., , LLasat, , C, M., Macdonald, , D., , Mård, , J., , Mathew-Richards, , H., , McKenzie, , A., , Mejia, , A., , Mendiondo, , M, E., Mens, , M., , Mobini, , S., , Mohor, , S, G., Nagavciuc, , V., , Ngo-Duc, , T., , Nguyen, , T, H. T., Nhi, , T, P. T., Petrucci, , O., , Quan, , H, N., Quintana-Seguí, , P., , Razavi, , S., , Ridolfi, , E., , Riegel, , J., , Sadik, , S, M., Sairam, , N., , Savelli, , E., , Sazonov, , A., , Sharma, , S., , Sörensen, , J., , Souza, , A, F. A., Stahl, , K., , Steinhausen, , M., , Stoelzle, , M., , Szalińska, , W., , Tang, , Q., , Tian, , F., , Tokarczyk, , T., , Tovar, , C., , Tran, , T, T. V., Huijgevoort, v., J, M. H., Vliet, v., H, M. T., Vorogushyn, , S., , Wagener, , T., , Wang, , Y., , Wendt, , E, D., Wickham, , E., , Yang, , L., , Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Ward, , & and J, P. (2023). Panta Rhei benchmark dataset: socio-hydrological data of paired events of floods and droughts. Earth System Science Data, 15(5), 2009--2023. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2009-2023

Four works at EGU 2023

Tue, 02 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000

During the week of April 24 to 28, 2023, I participated in the , held in the city of Wien (Austria). On this occasion, I presented two works and participated in other two:

. In this work, I presented , a new package for the that is about to be submitted to . This package expands the functions of the terra package to work with gridded data that has a time attribute. In particular, hydroRTS allows you to work efficiently with large amounts of gridded data that have an hourly, daily, monthly, or annual time frequency. This work summarizes a large amount of work that I has done since 2013. However, only the collaboration of Civil Engineer Sebastián Bernal, graduated in 2022 from Civil Engineering at the Universidad de la Frontera, allowed to systematically organize and adequately document a set of functions that are useful for the Hydrological and Earth Sciences community worldwide. This collaboration was only possible thanks to funding provided by the .
. In this work, I presented to the international community an application of , an package for global multi-objective optimization. In this work, two cases of multi-objective calibration of the SWAT+ semi-distributed hydrological model in the Trancura River Basin before Llafenco (Araucanía Region) were analyzed. In the first case study, the SWAT+ model was simultaneously calibrated for two time periods: one with normal/wet conditions and one with dry conditions (i.e., below-normal rainfall). In the second case study, daily flows at the outlet of the basin and average monthly real evapotranspiration throughout the basin were calibrated simultaneously. This package has been developed by Civil Engineer Rodrigo Marinao, who is a graduate of Civil Engineering at the Universidad de la Frontera, a student of the from the same university, and a research assistant at the . The collaboration between the Marine Engineer and I began from the Hydrology course in the Civil Engineering degree, and has continued uninterrupted since then. This work also received funding from the .
. In this paper, Dr. Oscar Baez-Villanueva (TH Köln, Germany) presented a paper that analyzes which meteorological drought indices (SPI, SPEI), soil moisture (ESSMI) or snow (SSWEI) are more related to the occurrence of hydrological drought (SSI-1), based on the hydrological regime (i.e., pluvial, pluvio-nival, nivo-pluvial, nival) of 100 basins of Central-South Chile. This work has been carried out in collaboration with me within the framework of the project “Drought and water security platform for catchment planning: historical evolution and future trajectories under global change”, financed by ANID in the Rapid Assignment Contest Fondo de Strategic Research in Drought for the year 2021, whose director is Dr. Camila Álvarez Garreón (CR2).
. In this paper, Fabian Lema, a Master’s candidate at the , presented a paper where the characteristics of drought events in six basins of Central-South Chile are analyzed, both for a historical period and for a future period. Dr. Pablo Mendoza from the University of Chile invited I to participate in this work thanks to his collaboration as an evaluating member of Fabián Lema’s Master’s thesis.

Finally, during this conference, I took the opportunity to discuss, among other things, postgraduate collaboration possibilities with from the (USA) and to talk about a joint article with Dr. Oscar Baez-Villanueva from the (Germany) and with from the (Arabia Saudita).

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Two posters at AGU 2022

Mon, 12 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000

During the week of December 12 to 16th, 2022, I participated in the Conference , held in the city of Chicago ( USES). This is the most important conference worldwide in the area of Earth Sciences, and it is held annually.

On this occasion, I presented two posters:

. hydroRTS is a new package for the that is about to be submitted to [CRAN]( - project.org/). This package allows you to work efficiently with large amounts of gridded data that have an hourly, daily, monthly, or annual time frequency. This work summarizes a large amount of work that I have carried out since 2013. However, only the collaboration of Civil Engineer Sebastián Bernal, who graduated in Civil Engineering in 2022 from the Universidad de la Frontera, made it possible to organize systematically and adequately document a set of functions that are useful to the global community of Hydrologists and Earth Scientists. This collaboration was only possible thanks to the funding provided by the , directed by Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini.
. is a new package for the that is about to be submitted to [CRAN]( - project.org/). This package allows you to perform a multi-objective calibration of any hydrological/environmental model (actually, a model from any subject area), whether this model is implemented in R or requires to be executed from the system console in a local PC or in a server. This package has been developed by Civil Engineer Rodrigo Marinao, who is a graduate of Civil Engineering at the Universidad de la Frontera, student of the of the same house of studies, and research assistant at the . The collaboration with Rodrigo Marinao started during the Hydrology course in the Civil Engineering degree, and has continued uninterrupted since then. This work also received funding from .

Finally, during this conference I took the opportunity to discuss various topics with Dr. Camila Álvarez Garreón (CR2), Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos (U. Adolfo Ibáñez) and Dr. Juan Pablo Boiser (CR2), who also participate in the .

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Mon, 24 Oct 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Article on challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management published in Nature

Thu, 04 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

On August 4, 2022, Nature published the article entitled . This article shows that risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts worldwide, but their impacts continue to increase. Therefore, we need a better understanding of the causes of impacts in a changing climate, but this better understanding has been hampered by a lack of empirical data.

Based on a global data set of 45 pairs of extreme events that occurred within the same area (one of them in Chile), an interdisciplinary team of 92 authors from various countries, led by Dra. Heidi Kreibich, showed that adequate risk management generally succeeds in reducing impacts of floods and droughts, but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events, i.e., events of a magnitude never experienced before.

Furthermore, when the second extreme event was more dangerous than the first, its impact was almost always greater. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events, which resulted in levees and reservoirs exceeding design levels.

In two success stories, the impact of the second, more dangerous event was less, as a result of better risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty in managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected due to climate change.

This work is the fruit of years of international cooperation with the Technical University of Cologne in Germany and with the Group, dedicated to research activities on changes in hydrology and society. This work had its origins in a meeting held at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) Conference in 2018, where Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini participated together with Dr. Camila Álvarez Garretón (both belonging to the CR2 FONDAP center) in a meeting with members of the , and began to define the objectives of this article.

The full article can be found here:

The challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management

Wed, 03 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Kreibich, H., Van Loon, A. F., Schröter, K., Ward, P. J., Mazzoleni, M., Sairam, N., Abeshu, G. W., Agafonova, S., AghaKouchak, A., Aksoy, H., Alvarez-Garreton, C., Aznar, B., Balkhi, L., Barendrecht, M. H., Biancamaria, S., Bos-Burgering, L., Bradley, C., Budiyono, Y., Buytaert, W., Capewell, L., Carlson, H., Cavus, Y., Couasnon, A., Coxon, G., Daliakopoulos, I., de Ruiter, M. C., Delus, C., Erfurt, M., Esposito, G., François, D., Frappart, F., Freer, J., Frolova, N., Gain, A. K., Grillakis, M., Grima, J. O., Guzmán, D. A., Huning, L. S., Ionita, M., Kharlamov, M., Khoi, D. N., Kieboom, N., Kireeva, M., Koutroulis, A., Lavado-Casimiro, W., Li, H., LLasat, M. C., Macdonald, D., Mård, J., Mathew-Richards, H., McKenzie, A., Mejia, A., Mendiondo, E. M., Mens, M., Mobini, S., Mohor, G. S., Nagavciuc, V., Ngo-Duc, T., Nguyen Huynh, T. T., Nhi, P. T. T., Petrucci, O., Quan Nguyen, H., Quintana-Seguí, P., Razavi, S., Ridolfi, E., Riegel, J., Sadik, M. S., Savelli, E., Sazonov, A., Sharma, S., Sörensen, J., Souza, F. A. A., Stahl, K., Steinhausen, M., Stoelzle, M., Szalińska, W., Tang, Q., Tian, F., Tokarczyk, T., Tovar, C., Tran, T. V. T., Van Huijgevoort, M. H. J., van Vliet, M. T. H., Vorogushyn, S., Wagener, T., Wang, Y., Wendt, D. E., Wickham, E., Yang, L., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Blöschl, G., & Di Baldassarre, G. (2022). The challenge of unprecedented floods and droughts in risk management. Nature, 608(7921), 80--86. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04917-5

Is the megadrought over with the last frontal system? (The Clinic)

Tue, 19 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +0000

On July 19th, 2022, Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini was interviewed about the impact of the latest frontal system in the drought that affects our country by the digital newspaper The Clinic.

In , the academic discusses the impact that the latest rainfall had in reducing the water deficit in our country, and whether or not we can affirm that the mega-drought that affects our country has ended.

The full interview can be found here:

A coupled modeling approach to assess the effect of forest policies in water provision: A biophysical evaluation of a drought-prone rural catchment in south-central Chile

Fri, 18 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Gimeno, F., Galleguillos, M., Manuschevich, D., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2022). A coupled modeling approach to assess the effect of forest policies in water provision: A biophysical evaluation of a drought-prone rural catchment in south-central Chile. Science of the Total Environment, 830, 154608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154608

On the selection of precipitation products for the regionalisation of hydrological model parameters

Thu, 11 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Mendoza, P. A., McNamara, I., Beck, H. E., Thurner, J., Nauditt, A., Ribbe, L., & Thinh, N. X. (2021). On the selection of precipitation products for the regionalisation of hydrological model parameters. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 25(11), 5805--5837. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5805-2021

Towards best default configuration settings for NMPSO in multi-objective optimization

Thu, 04 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Marinao-Rivas, R. & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2021). Towards best default configuration settings for NMPSO in multi-objective optimization. 2021 IEEE Latin American Conference on Computational Intelligence (LA-CCI), 1--6. https://doi.org/10.1109/LA-CCI48322.2021.9769844

Cambio climático alimenta 'mancha' caliente oceánica que causa megasequía en Chile según un estudio (La Tercera)

Thu, 26 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000

According to a recent study, a gigantic slick of more than 8 million kilometers located east of New Zealand is largely responsible for the dramatic lack of water that is affecting the central area of Chile.

The full note can be read on the or in the .

The scientific article published in the Journal of Climate is available

Fuente: La Tercera

How well do gridded precipitation and actual evapotranspiration products represent the key water balance components in the Nile Basin?

Sat, 14 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

McNamara, I., Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zomorodian, A., Ayyad, S., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Zaroug, M., Mersha, A., Nauditt, A., Mbuliro, M., Wamala, S., & Ribbe, L. (2021). How well do gridded precipitation and actual evapotranspiration products represent the key water balance components in the Nile Basin?. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 37, 100884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100884

Article on Water Balancece in the Nile Basin using gridded P and ETa accepted for publication in JoH-RS

Fri, 13 Aug 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The article has been published on the journal.

This article evaluates the performance of eleven state-of-the-art precipitation (P) products and seven actual evapotranspiration (ETa) products over the Nile Basin using a four-step procedure: (i) products were evaluated at the monthly scale through a point-to-pixel approach; (ii) streamflow was modelled using the Random Forest machine learning technique, and simulated for well-performing catchments for 2009–2018 (to correspond with ETa product availability); (iii) ETa products were evaluated at the multiannual scale using the water balance method; and (iv) the ability of the best-performing and ETa products to represent monthly variations in terrestrial water storage (TWS) was assessed through a comparison with GRACE Level-3 data.

The application of the water balance using the best-performing products captures the seasonality of TWS well over the White Nile Basin, but overestimates seasonality over the Blue Nile Basin. Our study demonstrates how gridded and ETa products can be evaluated over extremely data-scarce conditions using an easily transferable methodology.

Seminario Cambio global y recursos hídricos: experiencias y desafíos

Thu, 29 Jul 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Researchers from the Universidad de La Frontera, U. de Chile, U. de los Lagos and the Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, will meet this Friday, July 30th, to address some relevant issues from their professional and academic experience for the country and La Araucanía in terms of water resources.

Organized by the , the Seminar “Global change and water resources: experiences and challenges”, aims to disseminate the advances and experiences related to national water resources and generate a space for discussion with public services , the university community and local actors related to water resources, addressing topics such as: climate change, drought, water security, new data sources, water allocation permits, land use management and its impact on water availability, and erosion in forested catchments.

The full note inviting to this Seminar can be read

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Esta es la última víctima del cambio climático en Chile (La Tercera)

Wed, 17 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

A recent study by the Center for Climate Science and Resilience , led by Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos, analyzed in detail the impact of climate change and land use change on water availability from the Cauquenes River Basin, which dried up during the summer of 2020.

The full note can be read on the [(CR)2 website]( /) or directly in [La Tercera newspaper]( ? fbclid = IwAR3HEdPXPbTyu31vOPOoQCdKHdpX0hABAN0cabWORe_5HnExwsMN4ZH62DM).

The scientific article published in the Journal of Hydrology is available

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The catchment’s memory: understanding how hydrological extremes are modulated by antecedent soil moisture conditions in a warmer climate

Tue, 02 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Context and motivation

Global warming is reshaping the hydrological cycle, not only through gradual shifts in mean precipitation but also by intensifying precipitation extremes. These extremes cascade through river basins, potentially triggering floods or prolonged hydrological droughts, with far-reaching impacts on communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. A critical regulator of this cascade is antecedent soil moisture, which governs runoff generation and reflects the “memory” of the catchment and modulating how atmospheric anomalies translate into hydrological responses.

Chile’s 2010–2019 megadrought offers a unique large-scale natural experiment to examine how sustained warming and drying alter the transformation of meteorological extremes into hydrological extremes. Understanding this transformation is essential for anticipating future risks under a changing climate.

Project description

This four-year research project (April 2021–March 2025) is funded by the Chilean National Agency for Research and Development ( ) under the Concurso Fondecyt Regular 2021 call. The project investigates four representative Chilean catchments (Petorca en Longotoma, Mapocho en Los Almendros, Cauquenes en Desembocadura y Trancura antes de Llafenco) over the 1980–2019 period, integrating statistical extreme-event analysis with process-based hydrological modelling. Meteorological and hydrological extremes will be systematically characterized using standardised indices (e.g., SPI, SSI/SRI) and complementary metrics of duration, volume, and intensity to assess multi-decadal changes in frequency and severity.

To explore the mechanisms underlying these changes, two hydrological models with contrasting structural representations of catchment processes will be implemented (TUWmodel, SWAT+). Model calibration will rely on a multi-variable, multi-objective framework, jointly assimilating in-situ observations and advanced remote-sensing products, including soil moisture, total water storage, evapotranspiration, and snow cover.

Sub-daily simulations (2001–2019) will further enable a detailed assessment of how antecedent soil moisture conditions influence peak discharge generation and storm-event dynamics, providing process-level insight into the amplification or attenuation of extremes.

The project (ANID-Fondecyt 1212071: The catchment’s memory: understanding how hydrological extremes are modulated by antecedent soil moisture conditions in a warmer climate) is led by me, and have Dr. Mauricio Galleguillos (U. de Chile and U. Adolfo Ibañez, Chile), Dra. Camila Alvarez-Garreton (CR2, Chile) and Dr. Oscar Baez-Villanueva (U. Ghent, Belgium) as co-investigators.

Expected contribution to decision-making

By elucidating the role of soil moisture as a mediator between atmospheric forcing and hydrological response, the project will advance understanding of how warming climates reshape flood and drought dynamics. The results will provide quantitative evidence on the potential amplification of flood peaks and the persistence of hydrological droughts under changing baseline conditions.

These findings will directly inform water resources planning, risk assessment, and early-warning system design. Beyond Chile, the methodological framework and analytical tools developed in this project will offer transferable approaches for operational hydrological assessment and climate resilience planning in regions facing increasing hydroclimatic stress.

Ingreso al Grupo de Evaluación de Ciencias de la Tierra de ANID !

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0000

In March 2021, as a water resources specialist, I was invited to join the Assessment Group of Earth Sciences (Grupo de Evaluación de Ciencias de la Tierra) of the Chilean Science Foundation ( ), which is a great honor and responsability.

This group has to evaluate science and technologial proposals submitted by Chilean scientists to the following calls: , ,

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Disentangling the effect of future land use strategies and climate change on streamflow in a Mediterranean catchment dominated by tree plantations

Fri, 05 Feb 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Galleguillos, M., Gimeno, F., Puelma, C., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Lara, A., & Rojas, M. (2021). Disentangling the effect of future land use strategies and climate change on streamflow in a Mediterranean catchment dominated by tree plantations. Journal of Hydrology, 126047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126047

Balance Hídrico Nacional revela dramática situación: proyecta escasez de agua de hasta 50% y alza de temperatura de hasta 2.5°C

Mon, 04 Jan 2021 00:00:00 +0000

An update of the Chilean Water Balance, led by academics from the University of Chile, reveals the complex local scenario, which apparently will not improve in the coming decades.

For more information please visit:

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Entra en vigencia la nueva Ley de Servicios Sanitarios Rurales

Mon, 23 Nov 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Noticia titulada , donde se describe la nueva Ley N°20.998, la cual permitirá avanzar en forma significativa para garantizar el abastecimiento de agua potable y saneamiento para los habitantes del sector rural.

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Chi2 project on 'Exploradores 2020' (24horas.cl)

Fri, 11 Sep 2020 00:00:00 +0000

On September 11th, 2020 the international cooperation project NSFC190018 appeared in the Exploradores 2020 program of the 24 horas Chilean TV channel (national coverage).

This short reportage was invited by the of the , to describe the main objectives and expected results of this Chile-China cooperation. This project is a collaborative effort between the , , and the .

In this reportage, I described the , pilot study areas (Petorca en Longotoma, Mapocho en Los Almendros, Cauquenes en Desembocadura, Trancura antes de Llafenco), the methodology ( of different complexity forced by historical and future global change scenarios), and the expected results (land management planning strategies to decrease the negative impacts of global change on hydrologicl extreme events). In addition, Dra. Daniela Manuschevich described her work in the development of participatory workshops with local stakeholders in each one of the study areas, and the importance of considering them since the very beggining of this project.

This interview is available at from minute 2:34 to 6:42.

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Mawün: Historical gridded precipitation for Chile

Wed, 02 Sep 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Context

Over recent decades, gridded precipitation products have become an essential data source for hydrological and climate studies, particularly in regions where conventional observations from rain gauges are sparse or unevenly distributed. This situation is especially relevant in Chile, where complex topography, such as the Andes mountain range, and large geographic contrasts create significant challenges for monitoring precipitation using traditional measurement networks alone.

Description

, meaning “rain” in Mapuzungun, is a web platform designed to support the exploration, visualisation, and analysis of spatially distributed precipitation estimates (SDPEs), commonly referred to as gridded precipitation datasets, for continental Chile during the historical period 1981–2020. The platform was created by the former student Rodrigo Marinao and I to simplify access to complex precipitation datasets and to enable users to quickly obtain actionable information without the need for specialised data processing workflows.

Developed by the with support from the , Mawün provides a centralized environment where researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers can interactively examine precipitation patterns across Chile’s diverse climatic regions.

Main screen of web platform

Mawün functionality

Mawün v2.0 provides a suite of tools designed to support exploratory analysis, validation, and data extraction workflows commonly required in hydrology, climatology, and water resources management. Core capabilities include:

Interactive visualization of the spatial distribution of precipitation from multiple gridded products, enabling rapid assessment of regional patterns and variability.
Direct comparison between precipitation time series from gridded datasets and in-situ observations recorded at rain gauge stations.
Point-based data extraction, allowing users to obtain precipitation time series for any location in continental Chile.
Area-based data extraction, enabling the download of precipitation time series aggregated over user-defined polygons, such as watersheds or administrative regions.
Event-focused analysis, including the download of daily precipitation maps for specific precipitation events (up to 20 consecutive days), with optional spatial cropping.
Climatological visualization, supporting the display of long-term average annual and monthly precipitation patterns.
Multi-dataset comparison, facilitating the evaluation of consistency and differences among gridded precipitation products and observational records.

These tools are designed to reduce technical barriers to data access and to support reproducible analyses, rapid diagnostics, and evidence-based decision-making.

Data Sources

The datasets available through Mawün originate from both national and international initiatives and combine information derived from satellite observations, atmospheric reanalysis systems, and, in many cases, statistical calibration with ground-based rain gauge measurements. By integrating these complementary sources, the platform offers a consistent and spatially comprehensive representation of precipitation variability across the country over the last four decades.

Rain gauge observations integrated into Mawün were compiled by the from the national hydrometeorological monitoring networks operated by the and the . These observational records provide the reference measurements used for validation and calibration of gridded precipitation products.

The platform currently provides access to the following gridded precipitation datasets covering (in most cases) the period 1981–2020:

CR2MET v2
CR2MET v2.5beta
IMERG v06B
ERA5
ERA5-Land
CHIRPS v2
CMORPH v1
MSWEP v2.8
MSWX v1.0

Tutorials

Geenreal description in Spanish: .
User-manual in Spanish: .
Study cases: .

Mawün rainfall explorer launched !

Tue, 01 Sep 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Mawün rainfall explorer launched !

After more than one year of development, on September 1st 2020 an unprecedented web platform for exploring gridded precipitation products was launced as a new weather service at the website: :

("rain" in ) is an online platform dedicated to exploring different spatially distributed estimates of precipitation available for continental Chile until 2019, whose main objective is to facilitate the visualization and exploratory analysis of various available products.

was developed by the Water Resources Observatory of the at the with the support of the .

A description of the web platform, examples, a complete tutorial and the platform itself can be found in the following links (only in Spanish):

Description:
Examples:
Tutorial:
Web platform:

All comments are highly welcome at the e-mail address indicated in the ‘Acerca de’ window of [Mawün].

I hope that this new climate service will be useful for all those interested in precipitation.

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Modelling water resources for planning irrigation development in drought-prone southern Chile

Fri, 17 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

McNamara, I., Nauditt, A., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Ribbe, L., & Hann, H. (2020). Modelling water resources for planning irrigation development in drought-prone southern Chile. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2020.1768828

Article on Water Resources Management in the Araucanía region (Chile) accepted for publication in IJWRD

Tue, 07 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0000

The article was finally published on the journal.

The Chilean Irrigation Commission (CNR) is evaluating an important expansion of irrigated areas in the Araucanía region in southern Chile. This work uses the WEAP water allocation model to investigate whether the construction of two reservoirs combined with higher irrigation efficiency could increase drought resilience in the drought-prone Araucanía region (Chile).

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RFmerge

Fri, 22 May 2020 00:00:00 +0000

R package.

Description

is an R package (currently not on CRAN, but working with the terra package on Github) designed to generate more reliable environmental datasets by combining information from gridded datasets and ground-based observations. It implements the Random Forest Merging Procedure (RF-MEP) (Baez-Villanueva et al., 2020), a machine-learning approach developed to improve the spatial and temporal representation of environmental variables—particularly precipitation—by leveraging the complementary strengths of different data sources.

The package addresses a persistent challenge in hydrology and Earth system sciences: no single dataset provides a complete and unbiased representation of environmental conditions. Rain gauges offer accurate point measurements but limited spatial coverage, while satellite products provide broad spatial information that may contain systematic errors. By integrating these sources within a unified statistical framework, produces merged datasets that better capture variability, reduce bias, and enhance the reliability of environmental analyses, especially in data-scarce regions.

Built with operational applications in mind, provides a transparent and reproducible workflow for dataset merging that can be adapted to a wide range of variables beyond precipitation, including temperature, soil moisture, or other gridded datasets. It is particularly well suited for researchers and practitioners who require spatially consistent datasets to support hydrological modelling, climate analysis, and water resources assessment.

Grounded in peer-reviewed research and real-world applications, offers a technically robust and methodologically sound foundation for transforming heterogeneous environmental observations into coherent, analysis-ready datasets.

Reference

Baez-Villanueva, O.M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Beck, H.; McNamara, I.; Ribbe, L.; Nauditt, A.; Birkel, C.; Verbist, K.; Giraldo-Osorio, J.D.; Thinh, N.X. (2020). , Remote Sensing of Environment, 239, 111610. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111606.

hydroPSO v0.5-0 on CRAN

Wed, 18 Mar 2020 00:00:00 +0000

After a long amount of work, the new version of hydroPSO (v0.5-0) was released today March 18th 2020, and it is available on CRAN now

Among its new features stand out:

Full compatibility with (hydrological/environmental) models implemented as R functions (e.g., TUWmodel, GR4J, etc)
New showing how to calibrate TUWmodel with hydroPSO.
New showing how to calibrate TUWmodel with GR4J (and other models of the airGR family).
verification: now it is fully compatible with R-based models and allows parallelisation.
read_results, plot_results, read_out :much faster now due to the use of data.table::fread instead of read.table
New dataset Trancura9414001 with daily time series on P, Temp, PET, and Q from 1979 to 2016.
Package tested against R 4.0.0 (unstable) (2020-03-17 r77992) –“Unsuffered Consequences”, following an imperative request made by CRAN.
All the new features can be read at:

I hope you enjoy it !.

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hydroGOF v0.4-0 on CRAN

Thu, 12 Mar 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Following a request made by CRAN regarding compatibility issues with the upcoming version of R, the new version of hydroGOF (v0.4-0) was released today March 12th 2020, and it is available on CRAN now

Among its new features stand out:

Package tested against R Under development (unstable) (2020-03-10 r77920) – “Unsuffered Consequences”, following an imperative request made by CRAN.
Citation file changed, following CRAN comments.
Vignette on Goodness-of-fit Measures to Compare Obserligved and Simulated Values was moved from Sweave to Knitr.
New references were added for KGE (Santos et. al, 2018; Knoben et al., 2019; Mizukami et al., 2019)
New reference was added for me (Hill et al., 2006) Thanks to Erli Pinto dos Santos !.
br2: new argument ‘use.abs=FALSE’, to allow the user to use ‘abs(b)’ as condition to decide whether using abs(b)*r2 or [1/abs(b)]*r2 in equation (5) in Krausse et al. (2005). Thanks to Ellie White !

I hope you enjoy it !.

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hydroTSM v0.6-0 on CRAN

Wed, 11 Mar 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Following a request made by CRAN regarding compatibility issues with the upcoming version of R, the new version of hydroTSM (v0.6-0) was released today March 11th 2020, and it is available on CRAN now

Among its new features stand out:

Package tested against R Under development (unstable) (2020-03-10 r77920) – “Unsuffered Consequences”, following an imperative request made by CRAN.
Vignette on was moved from Sweave to Knitr and now includes a climograph example.
subdaily2daily: new argument start to allow daily observations start at any time different from 00:00:00 UTC.
time2season : class of objects is now tested in a way compatible with the upcoming R 4.0.0
dm2seasonal : class of objects is now tested in a way compatible with the upcoming R 4.0.0
matrixplot : class of objects is now tested in a way compatible with the upcoming R 4.0.0

I hope you enjoy it !.

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Climate change: Last decade confirmed as warmest on record

Wed, 15 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000

The 10 years to the end of 2019 have been confirmed as the warmest decade on record by three global agencies.

According to Nasa, NOAA and the UK Met Office, last year was the second warmest in a record dating back to 1850.

The past five years were the hottest in the 170-year series, with the average of each one more than 1C warmer than pre-industrial.

The Met Office says that 2020 is likely to continue this warming trend.

2016 remains the warmest year on record, when temperatures were boosted by the El Niño weather phenomenon.

For more information please visit:

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Radio Concierto interview on water scarcity

Wed, 08 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000

In the early morning of today January 8th, 2020 Dr. Mauricio Zambrano Bigiarini was interviewed by Radio Concierto (national coverage), to talk about the drought and water scarcity situation that currently affects Chile.

This interview was managed by the press unit of the Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2), and Dr. Zambrano-Bigiarini addresses issues such as “zero day” in some cities, the effectiveness of water saving campaigns promoted by the government, the response of the political world to the water problem, payment of patents for non-use of water, the importance of efficient water management, sustainability of use of water, and what can we do to combat water scarcity.

This interview is available at , in the block between 07:00 and 08:00 from minute 41:40 onwards.

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Article on Random Forest for merging satellite-based datasets with gorund observations published in RSE

Thu, 02 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000

The article was accepted for publication in December 2019 and made available online on January 2nd 2020 in the journal.

This work presents the Random Forest based MErging Procedure (RF-MEP), which allows to combine information from ground-based measurements, satellite-based precipitation products, and topography-related features to improve the representation of the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation, especially in data-scarce regions. RF-MEP is applied over Chile for 2000-2016, using daily measurements from 258 rain gauges for model training and 111 stations for validation. Two merged datasets were computed: RF-MEP3P (based on PERSIANN-CDR, ERA-Interim, and CHIRPSv2) and RF-MEP5P (which additionally includes CMORPHv1 and TRMM 3B42v7). Our results suggest that RF-MEP could successfully be applied to other regions and to correct other climatological variables. The RFmerge R package, which implements RF-MEP, is freely available online at .

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RF-MEP: A novel Random Forest method for merging gridded precipitation products and ground-based measurements

Thu, 02 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Beck, H. E., McNamara, I., Ribbe, L., Nauditt, A., Birkel, C., Verbist, K., Giraldo-Osorio, J. D., & Xuan Thinh, N. (2020). RF-MEP: A novel Random Forest method for merging gridded precipitation products and ground-based measurements. Remote Sensing of Environment, 239, 111606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111606

Bias Correction of Global High-Resolution Precipitation Climatologies Using Streamflow Observations from 9372 Catchments

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Beck, H. E., Wood, E. F., McVicar, T. R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Alvarez-Garreton, C., Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Sheffield, J., & Karger, D. N. (2020). Bias Correction of Global High-Resolution Precipitation Climatologies Using Streamflow Observations from 9372 Catchments. Journal of Climate, 33(4), 1299--1315. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0332.1

Hydrological Processes Special Issue \"Hydrological processes across climatic and geomorphological gradients of Latin America

Tue, 12 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Birkel, C., Moore, G. W., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2019). Hydrological Processes Special Issue "Hydrological processes across climatic and geomorphological gradients of Latin America. Hydrological Processes, 34(2), 156--158. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13648

Management of global change impacts on hydrological extremes by coupling remote sensing data and an interdisciplinary modelling approach (NSFC190018)

Tue, 12 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Context and motivation

Climate change and rapid land-use transformation are reshaping hydrological regimes worldwide, intensifying droughts and floods while increasing pressure on already vulnerable watersheds. These challenges are particularly acute in regions where water resources sustain agriculture, forest production, hydropower, and rural livelihoods. At the same time, reservoir regulation and shifting land management practices further modify natural flow dynamics, often in ways that interact nonlinearly with climate variability. Understanding and quantifying these combined effects is therefore essential for advancing predictive hydrology and supporting adaptive water governance under global change. Within this context, this Chile–China collaborative project addresses the urgent need for integrated, process-based assessments of hydroclimatic and land-system interactions across contrasting socio-environmental settings.

Project description

This four-year research project (January December 2023) is funded by the Chilean National Agency for Research and Development ( ) under the call. This project aims to develop and apply a comprehensive hydrological simulation framework to eight pilot basins (four in Chile and four in China) that represent diverse hydroclimatic conditions and water management challenges. Using two complementary models of different structural complexity (SWAT+ and Liuxihe) the research will simulate key hydrological processes and disentangle the relative contributions of climate change, land-use change, water use, and reservoir operations over the past three decades and throughout the 21st century. Historical reconstructions and future scenarios (including climate projections and land-use pathways aligned with policy instruments such as NDCs) will be combined to assess impacts on floods and droughts. A novel Synergistic Effect Function (SEF) will be proposed to quantify the compounded influence of multiple drivers. The project further integrates stakeholder engagement in the selected basins to co-develop science-based recommendations for land-use planning and water resources management, fostering bilateral knowledge exchange and producing transferable methodologies for hydroclimatic

Special Issue on hydrological processes in LAC published in HP

Tue, 12 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Finally, the preface was published on November 12th 2019 for the .

In this special issue of Hydrological Processes, we showcase the variety of ongoing research in catchments of the hydrometeorological, geomorphological and biogeographical mega-diverse region of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The papers of this special issue address hydrological processes that regulate storage, mixing, and fluxes of water and solutes from the driest Atacama Desert in Chile (annual precipitation lower than 10 mm in some places) to the wettest mountainous areas of Central America (annual rainfall up to 8000 mm), including the richest biodiversity on Earth present in the Amazon. Not only are tropical rainforest ecosystems poorly represented in hydrologic research, the LAC contains a myriad of unique lowland to montane ecosystems across the climate gradient that also includes snow and ice processes. Opportunities to advance understanding of how vegetation and landforms redistribute moisture abound in the remote reaches of Latin America.

There are three major transcending themes covered in this SI: 1) Hydrological processes across climate gradients 2) Unique ecosystems with limited hydrological research 3) Effects of land use change on hydrology

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Article on bias correction of global high-resolution precipitation climatologies published in JoC

Mon, 04 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

On November 4th, the article was published in the . In this article, we introduce a set of global high-resolution (0.05º) precipitation (P) climatologies corrected for bias using streamflow (Q) observations from 9372 stations worldwide.

For each station, we inferred the “true” long-term P using a Budyko curve, an empirical equation relating long-term P, Q, and potential evaporation. We subsequently calculated long-term bias correction factors for three state-of-the-art P climatologies (WorldClim V2, CHELSA V1.2, and CHPclim V1), after which we used random forest regression to produce global gap-free bias correction maps for the climatologies. Monthly climatological bias correction factors were calculated by disaggregating the long-term bias correction factors based on gauge catch efficiencies.

We found that all three climatologies systematically underestimate P over parts of all major mountain ranges globally, despite the explicit consideration of orography in the production of each climatology. Additionally, all climatologies underestimate P at latitudes > 60ºN, likely due to gauge under-catch. Exceptionally high long-term correction factors (> 1.5) were obtained for all three climatologies in Alaska, High Mountain Asia, and Chile - regions characterized by marked elevation gradients, sparse gauge networks, and significant snowfall. Using the bias-corrected WorldClim V2, we demonstrated that other widely used P datasets (GPCC V2015, GPCP V2.3, and MERRA-2) severely underestimate P over Chile, the Himalayas, and along the Pacific coast of North America. Mean P for the global land surface based on the bias-corrected WorldClim V2 is 862 mm yr−1 (a 9.4% increase over the original WorldClim V2).

The annual and monthly bias-corrected P climatologies have been released as the Precipitation Bias CORrection (PBCOR) dataset — downloadable via .

This work started with the visit of Hylke Beck to the Universidad de La Frontera in January 2019, thanks to the funds provided by the Fondecyt project 11150861.

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Validation of Cryogenic Vacuum Extraction of Pore Water from Volcanic Soils for Isotopic Analysis

Thu, 24 Oct 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Rivera, D., Gutierrez, K., Valdivia-Cea, W., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Godoy-Faúndez, A., Álvez, A., & Farías, L. (2019). Validation of Cryogenic Vacuum Extraction of Pore Water from Volcanic Soils for Isotopic Analysis. Water, 11(11), 2214. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112214

Sequia y escasez hídrica en Chile - parecidas pero no iguales (El Mostrador)

Fri, 13 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

We cannot solve a problem that we do not fully understand. Water scarcity in a place is the result of a complex interaction between meteorological anomalies, hydrological processes and changes in the use that man makes of the resource. Our current inability to properly analyze and manage water scarcity points out a failure in our understanding of the problem as a whole, and to inadequate data and tools to monitor the evolution of water over time.

For more information please visit:

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Crisis hídrica, sequía legal y carretera hídrica (El Mostrador)

Wed, 11 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The country cannot continue to be a victim of the lobby of those who promote initiatives for their benefit over the damage of Chileans and against the public interest. Chile needs a legal framework that prioritizes security and equity in access to the vital element for the stability of drinking water, sanitation, food security and local productive development that ensures the well-being of the population and local and regional economies. The lucrative agribusiness and mining business cannot continue to put the country in greater water vulnerability, but to adjust, adapting to climate change.

For more information please visit:

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¿Temuco sin agua en 2025? (El Austral)

Thu, 05 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Professors Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini and Ivo Fustos of the Department of Civil Engineering at the Universidad de La Frontera expressed their opinion on the news published on September 1, 2019 in the newspaper and then reproduced by the newspaper .

The academics expressed that, given the amount of information currently available on the water situation in the region, it is impossible to predict with an adequate level of confidence the date on which Temuco will run out of water, if that happens at some point.

You can read the complete answer in the on September 5.

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Carretera hídrica: una falsa panacea (El Mostrador)

Tue, 03 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

These “solutions” to the problem of water supply, only serve to strengthen the close relationship between the State and companies that has existed in the field of water, ensuring private legal and functional ownership of an increasingly scarce resource . At the same time, this type of project shows that our country is increasingly moving away from integrated watershed management. The latter are the essential territorial references for the management of the water resource that should guide the preservation of life and society.

For more information please visit:

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10 mil animales han muerto en las regiones más golpeadas por la prolongada sequía (El Mercurio)

Sun, 01 Sep 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Due to the extended drought affecting central Chile, farmers in the area between the Coquimbo and Maule regions estimate that 10 000 animals have already died, including abortions that occur due to lack of food and water (5 000 in Valparaíso; 2 thousand in Coquimbo, and another 3 thousand in O’Higgins and el Maule).

For more information please visit:

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Maipo, Limarí y Maule, tres cuencas en que el cambio climático ya hizo estragos (La Tercera)

Fri, 30 Aug 2019 00:00:00 +0000

An investigation by the PUC Global Change Center, an institution with more than 10 years studying this climatic phenomenon, recorded how the temperature in these areas has already changed due to global warming.

For more information please visit:

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La guerra del agua: las graves secuelas de la crisis hídrica en Chile (El Mostrador)

Mon, 26 Aug 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Central and Southern Chile have already suffered, for decades, a tendency to lower rainfall amounts, up to 7% per decade at some points, which will probably remain. By 2050, water available in Chile will be reduced by one third in some regions, according to current models, which will extend the irrigation periods that are applied today and reduce more water-intensive crops, especially those without access to technological improvements.

For more information please visit:

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Anomalies of monthly mean temperature compared to the 1961-1990 averages

Tue, 30 Jul 2019 00:00:00 +0000

A very impressive figure showing the

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Workshop on Climate Change Challenges for La Araucanía (Temuco)

Thu, 25 Jul 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Workshop on Climate Change Challenges for La Araucanía

On July 25, 2019, I made an oral presentation at the workshop entitled “Regional challenges of climate change for La Araucanía region”, organized by the Regional Ministry of Environment of the Araucanía region.

This seminar was held in the Aula Magna of the Universidad Mayor in Temuco, and was attended by various municipalities, NGOs, civil organizations and members of the Regional Committee on Climate Change (CORECC).

My presentation was entitled “Climate Change and Drought: Projections for Chile and Araucanía”, where 7 climate scenarios (RCP 8.5) for the Araucanía region were analysed, along with the water-related challenges that the Araucanía region very likely will face during the rest of this century.

More information .

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June 2019 was hottest on record for the globe

Thu, 18 Jul 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The average global temperature in June was 1.71ºF above the 20th-century average of 59.9ºF, making it the hottest June in the 140-year record, according scientists to NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information.

Nine of the 10 hottest Junes have occurred since 2010. Last month also was the 43rd consecutive June and 414th consecutive month with above-average global temperatures.

For more information please visit the website:

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Workshop on Efficient Management of Water Resources (Vallenar)

Fri, 28 Jun 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Workshop on Efficient Management of Water Resources

On June 28th 2019 I made an oral presentation at the workshop “Efficient Management of Water Resources: a challenge against Climate Change”, organised by the University of Atacama and carried out at Vallenar in the Atacama region.

This workshop was funded by the Regional Government of Atacama in the framework of the finalization activity of the FIC Project “Laboratorio para el estudio hídrico de la Cuenca, uso eficiente, monitoreo y predicción de caudales aplicando Modelo de Redes Neuronales Artificiales y Snow Runoff Model Nasa para la cuenca del Río Huasco, Región de Atacama, Chile”.

My presentation was entitled “Space-time evaluation of IMERGv05-F satellite precipitation estimates over different climates and the complex topography of Chile”, which discussed the improvement of the lastest satellite estimates derived from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. In the afternoon, a hands-on training was carried out aimed at local stakeholders.

More information .

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44% of water scarcity in Chile is due to poor water management (La Tercera)

Mon, 17 Jun 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The National Water Balance, a document from the National Water Directorate (DGA) that this year will have its final version after 32 years, will establish how much water is available in the country. In an advance delivered at the beginning of the year, it has already established that the country has a water deficit that ranges between 10% and 37%.

To alleviate this deficit, the document “Transición Hídrica: el futuro del agua en Chile” proposes to establish a strategy with emphasis on four axes: water management and institutionality; conservation and protection of water ecosystems; efficiency and strategic use of water resources; and migration and incorporation of new water sources.

The implementation of these four measures would be key to achieving water security: “44% of the causes of water problems are related to poor management of the resource, 17% is due to the increase in demand for water, 14% to water pollution, 12% to the decrease in water supply , 6% to environmental damage of water ecosystems and 5% to the increase in the frequency of natural disasters” (Ulrike Broschek, leader of Escenarios Hídricos 2030 and Deputy Manager of Sustainability of Fundación Chile)

For more information please visit: y

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Agua: ¿ soluciones sostenibles? (Diario Austral)

Fri, 29 Mar 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Columna titulada , con ocasión del Día Mundial del Agua: .

Además:

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Agua y desarrollo sostenible (CodexVerde)

Fri, 22 Mar 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Columna titulada , con ocasión del Día Mundial del Agua: .

Además:

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The dramatic disappearance of water in Chile (La Tercera)

Thu, 21 Feb 2019 00:00:00 +0000

A team of specialists from the Universidad de Chile and Universidad Católica is working on updating the National Water Balance, which dates back to 1987. During 2019, the final report will be issued.

The project is led by Ximena Vargas, academic from the Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the University of Chile. “What has been found in stations measuring precipitation and temperature is that, in general, there are decreases in average annual precipitation and increases in average annual temperature” This, she explains, has generated a decrease in the water availability in some coastal sectors. “Comparing the reported values for water availability (dating from 1987), changes in average annual runoff are around 10% and 37%” she points out.

For more information please visit:

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2018 was the fourth-hottest year on record

Wed, 06 Feb 2019 00:00:00 +0000

2018 was the fourth hottest year on record, according to two independent reports released today (Feb. 6) by and the . Last year was so hot that global land- and ocean-surface temperatures were 1.42 degrees Fahrenheit (0.79 degrees Celsius) above the 20th-century average, NOAA reported. Since 1880, when record-keeping began, only three years - 2016 (the highest, in part because of El Niño), 2015 and 2017 — were hotter.

“The key message is that ,” Gavin Schmidt, the director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City, told reporters at a news conference. “And our understanding of why those trends are occurring is also very robust. It’s because of the greenhouse gases that we[’ve] put into the atmosphere over the last 100 years.”

The trend isn’t a new one. Nine of the 10 warmest winters have happened since 2005, and five of the warmest years on record happened within the last five years, or from 2014 to 2018.

For more information please visit:

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Conference: When, where, and how much did it rain?

Tue, 22 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Conference: When, where, and how much did it rain?

On January 22th 2019, Dr Hylke Beck gave an entitled “When, where, and how much did it rain?” at the Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias of the Universidad de La Frontera (UFRO) in Temuco. In this presentation Dr. Beck presented , the first fully global precipitation dataset with a 0.1º resolution derived by optimally merging a range of gauge, satellite, and reanalysis estimates.

Dr Hylke Beck (BSc, MSc, PhD) is an experienced researcher specializing in earth observation, hydrological modeling, and flood and drought forecasting. He has published over 40 peer-reviewed papers in prestigious international journals, including Nature Climate Change and Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, and collaborated with several world-renowned scientists in the fields of hydrology and meteorology. At Princeton University, where he is currently employed, he is developing a global flood and drought warning system with unprecedented accuracy and resolution. He has produced multiple innovative climate data products, including the groundbreaking Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) product, which has already been used by 500+ institutions worldwide.

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Particle swarm optimization for the estimation of surface complexation constants with the geochemical model PHREEQC-3.1.2

Tue, 08 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Abdelaziz, R., Merkel, B. J., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., & Nair, S. (2019). Particle swarm optimization for the estimation of surface complexation constants with the geochemical model PHREEQC-3.1.2. Geoscientific Model Development, 12(1), 167--177. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-167-2019

Oral presentation at AGU 2018

Fri, 14 Dec 2018 00:00:00 +0000

During the second week of December 2018, I made an oral presentation at the in Washington D.C. (USA), the most important scientific event of Earth Sciences worldwide.

The work was entitled (Final paper number ). It evaluates the improvements of the latest IMERG version 05 Final Run (IMERGv05-F) over its predecessor TMPA 3B42v7, over the diverse climatic gradients and complex topography of Chile, from January 2015 to December 2016.

In addition, I participated as co-author in the work (Final paper number ), which summarises the MSc thesis carried out by Hamish Hann ( ) during his visiting period at the University of La Frontera (first semester 2017).

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Oral presentation at SPIE 2018

Tue, 23 Oct 2018 00:00:00 +0000

From 24 to 27th of September 2018 I participated at the SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing symposium, which took place in Honolulu (Hawaii, USA). In that conference I made an oral presentation entitled , which was finally published in the proceedings of the international Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers ( ):

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2018) “Temporal and spatial evaluation of long-term satellite-based precipitation products across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile”, Proc. SPIE 10782, Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Interactions VII, 1078202 (23 October 2018); doi: 10.1117/12.2513645;

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Temporal and spatial evaluation of long-term satellite-based precipitation products across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile

Thu, 27 Sep 2018 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2018). Temporal and spatial evaluation of long-term satellite-based precipitation products across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile. Proceedings of the SPIE, 10782, 1078202. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513645

Visiting period at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Sat, 22 Sep 2018 00:00:00 +0000

In August 2018 I got an invitation from the co-chair of the to conduct a two-week (18-Sep to 01-Oct 2018) visiting period at the NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( ). This internship was carried out (and funded) by Ziad S. Haddad (Assistant Section Manager, Radar JPL Science and Engineering Section), to discuss a comprehensive evaluation of current rainfall products of global scale, to allow scientists and users of the international community to make objective evaluations and make informed decisions about the use of these products.

During this period, ziad and I attended a meeting at the at the , in order to discuss the methodology and time period to be used for the comprehensive evaluation of current rainfall products of global scale. In this opportunity I met Soroosh Sorooshian, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou and most of their team at UCL. This was an excellent opportunity to know all the people behind the excellent work producing the PERSIANN family of satellite precipititation estimates.

This internship ended with the publication of an Scopus in the proceedings of the International Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers ( ).

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Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates over different regions in Latin-America

Thu, 24 May 2018 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Ribbe, L., Nauditt, A., Giraldo-Osorio, J. D., & Thinh, N. X. (2018). Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates over different regions in Latin-America. Atmospheric Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.05.011

Article on satellite-based rainfall estimates over Latin America accepted for publication in Atmospheric Research

Mon, 21 May 2018 00:00:00 +0000

The article was accepted for publication in the journal.

This work exhaustively evaluate six satellite rainfall estimates (TRMM 3B42v7, TRMM 3B42RT, CHIRPSv2, CMORPHv1, PERSIANN-CDR, and MSWEPv2) over three basins in Latin-America (Imperial in Chile, Paraiba do Sul in Brazil, and Magdalena in Colombia). Several continuous and categorical indices of performance are used at daily, monthly and seasonal time scales. Our analysis revealed which products are in beter agreement with ground-based observations of precipitation and if the upscaling procedure, used in CHIRPSv2 and MSWEPv2, affects the evaluation of the SREs performance at different time scales.

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Oral presentation at EGU 2018

Sat, 14 Apr 2018 00:00:00 +0000

During the second week of April 2018, I made an oral presentation at the in Vienna (Austria), the most important scientific event of Earth Sciences in Europe.

The work was entitled ( ). It analises the suitability of the combined use of state-of-the-art satellite-based precipitation (CHIRPS) and potential evapotranspiration (MOD16A2) estimates to characterise the spatial distribution of the so called “Chilean megadrought”, which has affected the central-southern territory of Chile (29ºS-46ºS) during the last decade.

In addition, I participated as co-author in the following three works presented at the same conference:

. [EGU2018-12036].
. [EGU2018-2374].
. [EGU2018-18702].

The first two works are product of the interdisciplinary collaboration at the Center for Climate and Resilience Research ( ), while the last work summarise the MSc thesis carried out by Hamish Hann ( ) during his visiting period at Temuco (first semester 2017).

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The 2010-2015 megadrought in central Chile: impacts on regional hydroclimate and vegetation

Wed, 13 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Garreaud, R. D., Alvarez-Garreton, C., Barichivich, J., Boisier, J. P., Christie, D., Galleguillos, M., LeQuesne, C., McPhee, J., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2017). The 2010-2015 megadrought in central Chile: impacts on regional hydroclimate and vegetation. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 21(12), 6307--6327. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6307-2017

Oral presentation at AGU 2017

Tue, 12 Dec 2017 00:00:00 +0000

During the second week of December 2017, I made an oral presentation at the in New orleans (USA), the most important scientific event of Earth Sciences worldwide.

The work was entitled (Final paper number ). It uses two drought indices to analyze the impacts of precipitation and temperature on the frequency, severity and duration of Chilean droughts (25°S-56°S) during the XXI century, using multi-model climate projections consistent with the high-end RCP 8.5 scenario.

In addition, I participated as co-author in the work ) (Final paper number ), which evaluate several sate-of-the-art satellite-based rainfall estimates (TMPA 3B42v7, TMPA 3B42RT, CHIRPSv2, CMORPH, PERSIANN-CDR and MSWEPv1.2) over different basins in Latin-America (Imperial Basin in Chile, Paraiba do Sul in Brazil and Magdalena in Colombia) to determine the best performing satellite product.

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Short course on use of R for analysing satelite-based rainfall estimates (SREs) in Germany

Fri, 05 May 2017 00:00:00 +0000

During the first week of May, I gave a short course to postgraduate students of the of TH Köln ( ).

This course had two parts, the first one was given by the doctoral student Oscar Baez, who was at UFRO last April. The objective of this first part (April 23th to 27th) was to provide students with basic concepts about , free software environment for statistical computing and graphics, (installation, types of variables, exploratory data analysis, and spatial data management). The second part (May 3rd and 4th) was to introduce participants to the management of time series in R, and the use of it for the analysis of spatio-temporal data, in particular for reading and analysing satelite-based rainfall estimates (SREs), expanding the work “ ” presented at the EGUA 2017 during the last week of April ( ), which was an oral .

This short course is product of the international collaboration with Lars Ribbe and Alexandra Nauditt from the of TH Köln ( ).

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Participación en la Conferencia EGU 2017

Thu, 27 Apr 2017 00:00:00 +0000

During the last week of April, I presented two works on the , the most important scientific event of Earth Sciences in Europe.

The first work was ( ), which was an oral about the use of R, the free software environment for statistical computing and graphics, for analysing different spatio-temporal datasets of precipitation at the Chilean spatail scale.

The second work was the oral presentation ( ), which summarises the main findings about the performance of seven different satellite-based precipitation products over the Chilean territory.

Both works are the product of the international collaboration with researchers from Germany, Costa Rica and Chile on the use of different satellite-based precipitation products as a complement to current ground-based rainfall measurement networks.

Spanish version:

Durante la semana del 24 al 28 de Abril, presenté dos trabajos en la conferencia , el evento científico más importante de Ciencias de la Tierra en Europa.

El primer trabajo fue ( ), una sobre el uso de R, el ambiente estadístico libre, para el análisis de distintos conjuntos de datos espacio-temporales de precipitaciòn a escala nacional (Chile).

El segundo trabajo fue la presentación oral ( ), la cual resume los principales resultados de una comparación exhaustiva de siete productos satelitales de precipitación sobre el territorio de Chile.

Ambos trabajos son producto de la colaboración internacional con investigadores de Alemania, Costa Rica y Chile, sobre el uso de distintos productos satelitales de precipitación como complemento a las actuales redes de medición pluviométrica.

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Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile

Thu, 02 Mar 2017 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Nauditt, A., Birkel, C., Verbist, K., & Ribbe, L. (2017). Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 21(2), 1295--1320. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1295-2017

Fondecyt Regular 1171560 selected in 2017 competition !

Tue, 07 Feb 2017 00:00:00 +0000

The proyect 1171560 entitled “Assessing spatio-temporal impacts of global change on water and biomass production processes at catchment scale: a synergistic approach based on remote sensing and coupled hydrological models to improve sustainable management of forest ecosystems” was in the 2017 Chilean competition for “Fondecyt Regular” proyects.

This proposal is a collaborative effort born completly within the FONDAP, where the principal investigator (PI) Mauricio Galleguillos and me (Co-PI) are working. This proyect started as a truly interdisciplinary idea, and a research visit of the PI to Temuco was the perfect ocassion to discuss about the main research question, methodology and expected outcomes.

The recent fires that are affecting Chile since January 2017, are important evidence that the outcomes of this project might have important societal impacts.

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Article on satellite-based rainfall estimates over Chile accepted for publication in HESS

Mon, 30 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000

The article was accepted yesterday (January 30th, 2017) for publication in the journal (HESS).

This work exhaustively evaluate -for the first time- the suitability of seven state-of-the-art satellite-based rainfall estimates (SRE) over the complex topography and diverse climatic gradients of Chile. Several indices of performance are used for different time scales and elevation zones. Our analysis revealed which products are in best with ground based observations of precipitation and which indices of performance suitable to capture mismatches in shape, magnitude, variability and intensity of precipitation.

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2016: Hottest Year on Record

Thu, 19 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000

Earth’s 2016 surface temperatures were the warmest since modern recordkeeping began in 1880, according to independent analyses by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Globally-averaged temperatures in 2016 were 0.99 degrees Celsius (1.78 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the mid-20th century mean. This makes 2016 the third year in a row to set a new record for global average surface temperatures. Since the start of the 21st century, the annual global temperature record has been broken five times (2005, 2010, 2014, 2015, and 2016) .

Most of the warming occurred in the past 35 years, with 16 of the 17 warmest years on record occurring since 2001. Not only was 2016 the warmest year on record, but eight of the 12 months that make up the year - from January through September, with the exception of June - were the warmest on record for those respective months. October, November, and December of 2016 were the second warmest of those months on record - in all three cases, behind records set in 2015

The warming was truly global. “Some part of every continent, and some part of every major ocean basin was warmest on record” Arndt says, adding that in the United States, only Georgia and Alaska had record-setting warmth but “pretty much the entire country was above normal, and well above normal.”

“The long-term warming is driven almost entirely by greenhouse gases” Arndt says. “We’ve seen a warming trend related to greenhouse gases for four, five, six decades now”. .

Two graphs that shows the time evolution of globally-averaged temperatues are:

For more information please visit:

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Create Beautiful Presentations with Markdown

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 +0000

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Poster presentation at AGU 2016

Tue, 13 Dec 2016 00:00:00 +0000

On December 13th 2016, I presented the work titled at the conference . In this work I used two drought indices to analyze the contribution of precipitation and temperature to the recent droughts that have affected Chile, in order to improve our understanding about the onset, duration and magnitude of these events.

It is the first time that a professor with affiliation “Universidad de La Frontera” presents in this conference, the most important of Earth Sciences worldwide.

This work is part of a collaborative research that I carry out for the of the Universidad de Chile.

Spanish version:

El pasado 13 de Diciembre de 2016, presenté el trabajo titulado en la conferencia . En este trabajo utilicé dos índices de sequía para analizar la contribución de la precipitación y la temperatura a las recientes sequías que han afectado Chile, para mejorar nuestra comprensión acerca del inicio, duración y magnitud de estos eventos.

Es la primera vez que un docente con afiliación Universidad de La Frontera presenta en este evento, el más importante de las Ciencias de la Tierra a nivel mundial.

Este trabajo forma parte del trabajo como investigador adjunto que realizo para el de la Universidad de Chile.

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The br2-weighting Method for Estimating the Effects of Air Pollution on Population Health

Tue, 01 Nov 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Krstic, G., Krstic, N. S., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2016). The br2-weighting Method for Estimating the Effects of Air Pollution on Population Health. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 15(2), 42. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1478004000

Assessing the role of uncertain precipitation estimates on the robustness of hydrological model parameters under highly variable climate conditions

Wed, 28 Sep 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Bisselink, B., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Burek, P., & de Roo, A. (2016). Assessing the role of uncertain precipitation estimates on the robustness of hydrological model parameters under highly variable climate conditions. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 8, 112--129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.09.003

Drought in Puyehue and Rupanco lakes (SoyChile.cl)

Sun, 21 Aug 2016 00:00:00 +0000

After revealed the worrying decline in the water levels of Llanquihue Lake in the surrounding of Puerto Octay, it was found that is not the only lake basin of the region affected by the lack of rainfall that experts have attributed to climate change.

This is because now the Rupanco and Puyehue lakes in the province of Osorno, have also shown and alarming and disturbing situation. In the first case, locals say that in some sectors the beach has increased from 20 to 200 meters, and in areas normally covered by water can now move on foot or by vehicle.

A similar situation occurs in the Rupanco, where residents also confirm that there is an obvious decline in its water levels, exposing larger portions of land. *This is the year where I’ve seen the worst shortage of water in the lake. It has fallen very little rain. Luckily our pastures are still green, but the lake has suffered," said a local farmer.

For more information please visit:

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Expected changes in precipitation and temperature by 2050 (La Tercera)

Sun, 21 Aug 2016 00:00:00 +0000

A recent study, delivered in July 2016, projected that by 2050 Santiago will have the most extreme variation in temperature of all regional capitals, with 2.7°C, which is 14% higher compared to today. In winter, the increase will be 1.7%, representing an increase of 19%, while precipitation will be reduced by 55 millimeters (mm), 15% less.

In other regional capitals, as Arica and Copiapó, extreme temperatures rise about 2.2°C are also expected for each summer, but it will be Arica where the temperature will rise more in winter, with 2.5° C.

For more information please visit:

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Megadrought expands to southern Chile (La Tercera)

Sun, 21 Aug 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Today the country is experiencing one of the longest and most geographically extensive droughts in its history, which has nearly eight years in some sectors, and extends from the Coquimbo to the La Araucania region. Experts estimate that in the future these cycles would increase. According to an analysis by the Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2) in 2015, these mega-droughts will become more common, occurring in Chile every 20 years by 2050 if emissions continue to increase greenhouse gases.

To date, 17 of the 22 stations of the Meteorological Direction of Chile (DMC) present below normal precipitation amounts. Coyhaique (45ºS) is the one with the most extreme situation. There, the precipitation is around 220 mm, far from normal to date according to the climatological period 1981-2010, which is 884.5 mm, resulting in a deficit of 75%. The level of rainfall is the lowest registration for the area (starting in 1960), although it is projected that in the next three months rains occur within the normal range indicates Catalina Cortes, meteorologist at DMC. However, it should end the year in deficit.

For more information please visit:

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July 2016 was world's hottest month since records began, says Nasa (The Guardian)

Sat, 20 Aug 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Nasa’s results, which combine sea-surface temperature and air temperature on land, show July 2016 was 10th month in a row to break monthly temperature record

As the string of hottest months continues, 2016 is virtually certain to be the hottest year on record, says David Karoly, a climate scientist from the University of Melbourne.

Last month was the hottest month in recorded history, beating the record set just 12 months before and continuing the long string of monthly records, according to the latest Nasa data.

The past nine months have set temperature records for their respective months and the trend continued this month to make 10 in a row, according to Nasa. July broke the absolute record for hottest month since records began in 1880.

Similar data from the US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) said the past 14 months have broken the temperature record for each month, but it hasn’t released its figures for July yet.

For more information please visit:

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El año 2015 batió récords de fenómenos climáticos extremos (El Mercurio)

Wed, 03 Aug 2016 00:00:00 +0000

El año 2015 marcó una temporada de lluvias más abundantes que el promedio, provocando graves inundaciones. Severas sequías afectaron superficies casi dos veces mayores en 2015 que en el año anterior (14%, contra 8% en 2014).

Las aguas más calientes agravaron la propagación de algas, que afectaron el 2015 una importante región del Pacífico norte, desde California hasta la Columbia Británica, en Canadá.

Calor y lluvias

En el caso sudamericano, El Niño influyó en las condiciones climáticas durante todo el 2015. La temperatura del aire aumentó por sobre el promedio en la mayor parte del continente, lo que generó condiciones más secas que el promedio en el norte y más húmedas en el sur, especialmente Chile y Argentina.

No obstante, se presentó un otoño e invierno más calurosos de lo habitual. En Argentina fue el invierno más caliente desde que se tienen registros, con un aumento de la media por sobre los 3ºC. En contraste, un aumento de los sistemas frontales y de la nubosidad produjo en Chile y, particularmente, en Argentina el más frío octubre desde que se tienen registros.

En marzo 2015, una anormal lluvia sorprendió a las secas regiones de Atacama y Antofagasta. En esta última ciudad, entre el 25 y el 26 de ese mes cayeron 24,4 milímetros de agua, cuando el promedio anual es de 1,7. En agosto y diciembre, las precipitaciones intensas se presentaron en Argentina y Paraguay, generando inundaciones.

For more information please visit the website:

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PhD summer school Remote Sensing applications for Water Accounting

Wed, 20 Jul 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Water accounting is a fundamental basis to understand water availability and demands and the related benefits and efficiencies are related to water uses. While the fundamental data needed for establishing water accounts is often missing, Remote Sensing can contribute to fill the data gaps. With this course PhD students and staff at ITT will become familiar with the application of Remote Sensing to derive information on precipitation, evapotranspiration and land cover - three essential information elements for water accounts. Dr. Raul Vicens from Universidade Federal Fluminense de Brasil will introduce the basic techinques of Remote Sensing using the software SPRING and introduce to derive land cover information from products such as Landsat. Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini from , Chile, will focus on the use of the software to derive Precipitation estimates from products such as TRMM. Finally Dr Islam Sabry from the National Water Research Center, Egypt will introduce the use of satellite based estimates for evapotranspiration data.

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Research and Education Week on the Water, Energy and Food Security Nexus

Fri, 15 Jul 2016 00:00:00 +0000

The (WEF Nexus) is currently a highly important debate in environmental policy with expected implications for priorities in research, education and international cooperation. Increasing demands for water, energy and food together with external and internal change drivers on current natural resources use patterns make the Nexus idea crucial to understand the multiple resource use interlinkages. The invited partners from current Nexus-related projects for an international gathering from the 11th until the 15th of July 2016. The Nexus Research and Education Week invited also external presenters and students into the discussion on how to address together many of the key interlinkages like sustainable land and water management practices, climate related risks in terms of droughts and extremes or increasing resource use efficiencies along river basins.

During the Nexus Week, the professor Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini along with international partners presented their case studies from related projects as nexus laboratories useful for enhancing educational contents and outlining future collaborative research activities. International experts and young researchers were involved in providing insights on the WEF Nexus topic from ongoing research and and outlining further research demand. Different case studies with WEF-Nexus related topics at river basin scale were presented from countries such as Jordan, Sudan, Ethiopia, Egypt, Pakistan, Chile, Ecuador, Costa Rica and Colombia and also larger scales as the Mekong, the Nile and Paraiba do Sul region or even global scale. The Nexus Week aimed at expanding the network of partners related to Nexus topics and interdisciplinary regional and basin planning initiatives and offered an opportunity as an exchange platform. During additional side events of the Nexus Week, the participants developed new project ideas and exchanged experiences on integrated water basin management during a visit to the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine. Further more, different Nexus products were presented and prepared for further development in the future.

For more information about the project please visit the website:

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Forestry development, water scarcity, and the Mapuche protest for environmental justice in Chile

Tue, 01 Mar 2016 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Torres-Salinas, R., García, G. A., Henríquez, N. C., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Costa, T., & Bolin, B. (2016). Forestry development, water scarcity, and the Mapuche protest for environmental justice in Chile. Ambiente & Sociedade, 19(1), 121--146. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422ASOC150134R1V1912016

2015 was the warmest year ever recorded on Earth (NASA-NOAA)

Mon, 01 Feb 2016 00:00:00 +0000

2015 was the warmest year ever recorded on Earth, and it was not even close.

On January 20, 2016, scientists from NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released their analyses of surface temperatures for the past year. The NASA team found that globally averaged temperatures from January through December 2015 were 0.87 degrees Celsius above the norm (defined as a 1951-1980 base period). The previous record—set last year—was 0.74°C above the norm. For the planet, 2015 was more than a full degree Celsius warmer than temperatures in 1880, when consistent record-keeping began. Working independently, NOAA researchers found 2015 to be 0.90°C above the 1901-2000 average. According to their analysis, 2015 was the second warmest year on record for the continental United States, Africa, and Europe. It was the warmest year for Asia and South America. Globally, new monthly temperature records were set in every month except January and April.

The 2015 temperature record continues a long-term warming trend that has largely been driven by increased carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that humans have emitted into the atmosphere. Most of the warming has occurred in the past 35 years, with 15 of the 16 warmest years on record occurring since 2001.

ENSO

Note that while El Niño conditions dominated the Pacific Ocean for most of 2015, it was not officially an El Niño year in strict climatological terms because ocean conditions did not manifest themselves until April 2015. In the past, the highest global temperature records were often set in El Niño years, which suggests that 2016—with El Niño going strong as of mid-January—appears likely to be another very warm year.

2015 was remarkable even in the context of the ongoing El Niño said NASA GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. Last year’s temperatures had an assist from El Niño, but it is the cumulative effect of the long-term trend that has resulted in the record warming that we are seeing. Climate change is the challenge of our generation”, said NASA Administrator Charles Bolden. Today’s announcement not only underscores how critical NASA’s Earth observation program is, it is a key data point that should make policymakers stand up and take notice. Now is the time to act on climate.

For more information please visit the website:

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Comparison of stationary and dynamic conceptual models in a mountainous and data-sparse catchment in the South-central Chilean Andes

Mon, 02 Nov 2015 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Toledo, C., Muñoz, E., & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2015). Comparison of stationary and dynamic conceptual models in a mountainous and data-sparse catchment in the South-central Chilean Andes. Advances in Meteorology, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/526158

Particle Swarm Optimization for inverse modeling of solute transport in fractured gneiss aquifer

Thu, 19 Jun 2014 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Abdelaziz, R. & Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2014). Particle Swarm Optimization for inverse modeling of solute transport in fractured gneiss aquifer. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 164, 285--298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.06.003

Hydrological evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates over the Volta and Baro-Akobo Basin

Wed, 17 Jul 2013 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Thiemig, V., Rojas, R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., & De Roo, A. (2013). Hydrological evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates over the Volta and Baro-Akobo Basin. Journal of Hydrology, 499, 324--338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.012

Standard Particle Swarm Optimisation 2011 at CEC-2013: A baseline for future PSO improvements

Sun, 23 Jun 2013 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Clerc, M., & Rojas, R. (2013). Standard Particle Swarm Optimisation 2011 at CEC-2013: A baseline for future PSO improvements. 2013 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2337--2344. https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2013.6557848

A model-independent Particle Swarm Optimisation software for model calibration

Tue, 26 Feb 2013 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. & Rojas, R. (2013). A model-independent Particle Swarm Optimisation software for model calibration. Environmental Modelling & Software, 43, 5--25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.01.004

Validation of Satellite-Based Precipitation Products over Sparsely Gauged African River Basins

Sat, 01 Dec 2012 00:00:00 +0000

Citation:

Thiemig, V., Rojas, R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Levizzani, V., & De Roo, A. (2012). Validation of Satellite-Based Precipitation Products over Sparsely Gauged African River Basins. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 13(6), 1760--1783. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-032.1

hydroPSO

Fri, 13 Apr 2012 00:00:00 +0000

Description

is an R package developed to provide a robust and flexible framework for the global optimisation and calibration of environmental and engineering models. It implements state-of-the-art variants of the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm, designed to efficiently explore complex parameter spaces commonly associated with non-linear, non-smooth, and computationally demanding models.

The package was conceived with practical modelling workflows in mind. It is fully model-independent, allowing users to couple the optimisation engine with virtually any simulation model, whether implemented in R or executed externally, without requiring modifications to the model’s internal code. This architecture makes particularly suitable for systematic calibration of hydrological and environmental models, where reproducibility, transparency, and flexibility are essential.

To support rigorous model evaluation, includes advanced diagnostic and sensitivity analysis capabilities, as well as comprehensive graphical summaries that facilitate interpretation of optimisation results. Its parallel computing support enables efficient use of multi-core machines and computing clusters, helping to reduce the computational burden associated with large-scale or high-resolution simulations.

Widely used in research, teaching, and applied modelling, provides a technically sound and operationally reliable optimisation environment. It is especially well suited for users who require a scalable, transparent, and methodologically robust tool to calibrate complex models and support evidence-based analysis in hydrology and related environmental sciences.

Reference

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. and Rojas, R. (2013). , Environmental Modelling & Software, 43, 5-25, doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.01.004.

R package.

hydroGOF

Mon, 11 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0000

Description

is an R package developed to provide a rigorous and consistent framework for evaluating the performance of hydrological and environmental models. It implements a broad suite of widely used statistical and graphical goodness-of-fit metrics to compare simulatd values agains iits observed counterparts; such as the coefficient of determination (R²), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), and percent bias (PBIAS); that support objective assessment of model behaviour during calibration, validation, and operational application.

The package is designed with practical modelling workflows in mind. Its functions facilitate transparent comparison between observed and simulated time series, enable systematic performance diagnostics, and handle common data challenges such as missing values in a controlled and reproducible manner. By standardising the computation of performance indicators, helps ensure that model evaluation remains methodologically consistent across studies and applications.

is widely used in research, teaching, and professional practice, which makes it particularly suitable for users who require dependable, well-documented tools to quantify model accuracy and communicate results with clarity. It provides a technically robust foundation for evidence-based model development, benchmarking, and decision support in hydrology and related environmental sciences.

R package.

hydroTSM

Mon, 11 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0000

Description

is an R package designed to support the practical workflow of hydrologists and environmental scientists who routinely work with time series data. It provides a comprehensive and coherent set of tools for the management, quality control, analysis, interpolation, and visualization of hydrological and environmental time series, with particular emphasis on tasks commonly encountered in hydrological modelling and water resources assessment.

prioritises reliability, transparency, and functional breadth, reflecting the operational realities of applied hydrology, where reproducible data handling and robust diagnostics are often more critical than marginal computational gains. Its functions are built to integrate naturally into analytical pipelines, facilitating consistent preprocessing and exploration of observational datasets prior to modelling or decision-making.

Developed with the daily needs of practitioners in mind, has been widely used in research, teaching, and professional applications. It is especially suitable for users who require dependable, well-documented tools to support routine hydrological analysis while maintaining full control over data processing steps within the R environment.

R package.

🎉 Easily create your own simple yet highly customizable blog

Sat, 27 Oct 1900 00:00:00 +0000

Welcome 👋

Table of Contents

Overview

The Hugo Blox website builder for Hugo, along with its starter templates, is designed for professional creators, educators, and teams/organizations - although it can be used to create any kind of site
The template can be modified and customised to suit your needs. It’s a good platform for anyone looking to take control of their data and online identity whilst having the convenience to start off with a no-code solution (write in Markdown and customize with YAML parameters) and having flexibility to later add even deeper personalization with HTML and CSS
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Features

Enhanced Markdown Support

Hugo Blox now supports GitHub and Obsidian-style callouts! Use standard Markdown alert syntax like > [!NOTE] for better portability.

Page builder - Create anything with no-code and
Edit any type of content - Blog posts, publications, talks, slides, projects, and more!
Create content in , , or
Plugin System - Fully customizable
Display Code and Math - Code syntax highlighting and LaTeX math supported
Integrations - , , Maps, Contact Forms, and more!
Beautiful Site - Simple and refreshing one-page design
Industry-Leading SEO - Help get your website found on search engines and social media
Media Galleries - Display your images and videos with captions in a customizable gallery
Mobile Friendly - Look amazing on every screen with a mobile friendly version of your site
Multi-language - 35+ language packs including English, 中文, and Português
Multi-user - Each author gets their own profile page
Privacy Pack - Assists with GDPR
Stand Out - Bring your site to life with animation, parallax backgrounds, and scroll effects
One-Click Deployment - No servers. No databases. Only files.

Version Requirements

The new Markdown alert syntax requires Hugo v0.132.0 or later. Make sure you’re using a compatible version!

Themes

Hugo Blox and its templates come with automatic day (light) and night (dark) mode built-in. Visitors can choose their preferred mode by clicking the sun/moon icon in the header.

for your site. Themes are fully customizable.

License

Released under the license.

🧠 Sharpen your thinking with a second brain

Fri, 26 Oct 1900 00:00:00 +0000

Create a personal knowledge base and share your knowledge with your peers.

Hugo Blox web framework empowers you with one of the most flexible note-taking capabilities out there.

Create a powerful knowledge base that works on top of a local folder of plain text Markdown files.

Use it as your second brain, either publicly sharing your knowledge with your peers via your website, or via a private GitHub repository and password-protected site just for yourself.

Mindmaps

Hugo Blox supports a Markdown extension for mindmaps.

With this open format, can even edit your mindmaps in other popular tools such as Obsidian.

Simply insert a Markdown code block labelled as markmap and optionally set the height of the mindmap as shown in the example below.

Mindmaps can be created by simply writing the items as a Markdown list within the markmap code block, indenting each item to create as many sub-levels as you need:


```markmap {height="200px"}
- Hugo Modules
  - Hugo Blox
  - netlify
  - netlify-cms
  - slides
```

renders as

- Hugo Modules
  - Hugo Blox
  - netlify
  - netlify-cms
  - slides

Anh here’s a more advanced mindmap with formatting, code blocks, and math:


```markmap
- Mindmaps
  - Links
    - [Hugo Blox Docs](https://docs.hugoblox.com/)
    - [Discord Community](https://discord.gg/z8wNYzb)
    - [GitHub](https://github.com/HugoBlox/kit)
  - Features
    - Markdown formatting
    - **inline** ~~text~~ *styles*
    - multiline
      text
    - `inline code`
    - Math: $x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}$
```

renders as

- Mindmaps
  - Links
    - [Hugo Blox Docs](https://docs.hugoblox.com/)
    - [Discord Community](https://discord.gg/z8wNYzb)
    - [GitHub](https://github.com/HugoBlox/kit)
  - Features
    - Markdown formatting
    - **inline** ~~text~~ *styles*
    - multiline
      text
    - `inline code`
    - Math: $x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}$

Highlighting

Highlight important text with mark:

<mark>Highlighted text</mark>

Callouts

Use (aka asides, hints, or alerts) to draw attention to notes, tips, and warnings.

Use the > [!NOTE] syntax to create a callout.

> [!NOTE]
> A Markdown aside is useful for displaying notices, hints, or definitions to your readers.

renders as

Note

A Markdown aside is useful for displaying notices, hints, or definitions to your readers.

Or use the warning callout type so your readers don’t miss critical details:

Warning

A Markdown aside is useful for displaying notices, hints, or definitions to your readers.

📈 Communicate your results effectively with the best data visualizations

Thu, 25 Oct 1900 00:00:00 +0000

Hugo Blox is designed to give technical content creators a seamless experience. You can focus on the content and Hugo Blox handles the rest.

Use popular tools such as Plotly, Mermaid, and data frames.

Embed Rich Content

HuggingFace Model

google/embeddinggemma-300m

sentence-similarity

1.359748M

1.465k

HuggingFace Dataset

fka/prompts.chat

dataset

a.k.a. Awesome ChatGPT Prompts This is a Dataset Repository mirror of prompts.chat — a social platform for AI prompts. 📢 Notice This Hugging Face dataset is a mirror. For the …

17.445k

9.586k

GitHub Repository

kit

by HugoBlox • HTML

⚡ The Open Research Copilot. Build high-perf Portfolios, Lab Sites & Docs in Markdown + Jupyter. 100% Data Control. 🦫 数据科学家的开源 Copilot。一键部署 👇

git-fork2.951k

10.024k

academic blog blog-engine +17

Custom embed with manual data

My Custom Resource

example.com

A great resource for learning

Custom Images

Embed beautiful images from any source with Hugo image processing (Unsplash, custom URLs, etc.):

Data Visualization Guide

example.com

Beautiful data visualization workspace

You can also add images to any platform embed:

plotly.py

by plotly • Python

The interactive graphing library for Python ✨

git-fork2.775k

780

18.254k

d3 dashboard declarative +11

Charts

Hugo Blox supports the popular format for interactive data visualizations. With Plotly, you can design almost any kind of visualization you can imagine!

Save your Plotly JSON in your page folder, for example line-chart.json, and then add the {{< chart data="line-chart" >}} shortcode where you would like the chart to appear.

Demo:

You might also find the useful.

Diagrams

Hugo Blox supports the Mermaid Markdown extension for diagrams.

An example flowchart:

```mermaid
graph TD
A[Hard] -->|Text| B(Round)
B --> C{Decision}
C -->|One| D[Result 1]
C -->|Two| E[Result 2]
```

renders as

graph TD A[Hard] -->|Text| B(Round) B --> C{Decision} C -->|One| D[Result 1] C -->|Two| E[Result 2]

An example sequence diagram:

```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
loop Healthcheck
    John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
end
Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
John-->>Alice: Great!
John->>Bob: How about you?
Bob-->>John: Jolly good!
```

renders as

sequenceDiagram Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you? loop Healthcheck John->>John: Fight against hypochondria end Note right of John: Rational thoughts! John-->>Alice: Great! John->>Bob: How about you? Bob-->>John: Jolly good!

An example class diagram:

```mermaid
classDiagram
Class01 <|-- AveryLongClass : Cool
Class03 *-- Class04
Class05 o-- Class06
Class07 .. Class08
Class09 --> C2 : Where am i?
Class09 --* C3
Class09 --|> Class07
Class07 : equals()
Class07 : Object[] elementData
Class01 : size()
Class01 : int chimp
Class01 : int gorilla
Class08 <--> C2: Cool label
```

renders as

classDiagram Class01 <|-- AveryLongClass : Cool Class03 *-- Class04 Class05 o-- Class06 Class07 .. Class08 Class09 --> C2 : Where am i? Class09 --* C3 Class09 --|> Class07 Class07 : equals() Class07 : Object[] elementData Class01 : size() Class01 : int chimp Class01 : int gorilla Class08 <--> C2: Cool label

An example state diagram:

```mermaid
stateDiagram
[*] --> Still
Still --> [*]
Still --> Moving
Moving --> Still
Moving --> Crash
Crash --> [*]
```

renders as

stateDiagram [*] --> Still Still --> [*] Still --> Moving Moving --> Still Moving --> Crash Crash --> [*]

Data Frames

Save your spreadsheet as a CSV file in your page’s folder and then render it by adding the Table shortcode to your page:

{{< table path="results.csv" header="true" caption="Table 1: My results" >}}

renders as

Table 1: My results
customer_id	score
1	0
2	0.5
3	1

Interactive Buttons

Add engaging call-to-action buttons to your data visualization posts:

Basic Buttons

Learn Plotly

{{< button url="/" >}}Contact Us{{< /button >}}

{{< button url="https://plotly.com/python/" new_tab="true" style="secondary" >}}Learn Plotly{{< /button >}}

Styled Buttons for Data Actions

View Dashboard

Download Data

View Source Code

{{< button url="#" style="primary" size="lg" align="center" icon="chart-bar" >}}View Dashboard{{< /button >}}

{{< button url="/data/results.csv" style="outline" icon="document-arrow-down" >}}Download Data{{< /button >}}

{{< button url="https://github.com/HugoBlox" new_tab="true" style="ghost" icon="arrow-top-right-on-square" icon_position="right" >}}View Source Code{{< /button >}}

Multiple Aligned Buttons

Try Jupyter

Open in Colab

{{< button url="https://jupyter.org/" new_tab="true" style="secondary" rounded="full" align="center" >}}Try Jupyter{{< /button >}}

{{< button url="https://colab.research.google.com/" new_tab="true" style="primary" rounded="full" align="center" icon="rocket-launch" >}}Open in Colab{{< /button >}}

👩🏼‍🏫 Teach academic courses

Wed, 24 Oct 1900 00:00:00 +0000

is designed to give technical content creators a seamless experience. You can focus on the content and the HugoBlox Kit which this template is built upon handles the rest.

Embed videos, podcasts, code, LaTeX math, and even test students!

On this page, you’ll find some examples of the types of technical content that can be rendered with Hugo Blox.

Citation

Here’s an example of citing a publication using the cite shortcode:

You can also use the default view by omitting the view parameter:

Video

Teach your course by sharing videos with your students. Choose from one of the following approaches:

Youtube:

{{< youtube D2vj0WcvH5c >}}

Bilibili:

{{< bilibili BV1WV4y1r7DF >}}

Video file

Videos may be added to a page by either placing them in your assets/media/ media library or in your , and then embedding them with the video shortcode:

{{< video src="my_video.mp4" controls="yes" >}}

Podcast

You can add a podcast or music to a page by placing the MP3 file in the page’s folder or the media library folder and then embedding the audio on your page with the audio shortcode:

{{< audio src="ambient-piano.mp3" >}}

Try it out:

Test students

Provide a simple yet fun self-assessment by revealing the solutions to challenges with the spoiler shortcode:

{{< spoiler text="👉 Click to view the solution" >}}
You found me!
{{< /spoiler >}}

renders as

👉 Click to view the solution

You found me 🎉

Math

HugoBlox Kit supports a Markdown extension for $\LaTeX$ math. Enable math by setting the math: true option in your page’s front matter, or enable math for your entire site by toggling math in your config/_default/params.yaml file:

features:
  math:
    enable: true

To render inline or block math, wrap your LaTeX math with $...$ or $$...$$, respectively.

Example math block:

$$
\gamma_{n} = \frac{ \left | \left (\mathbf x_{n} - \mathbf x_{n-1} \right )^T \left [\nabla F (\mathbf x_{n}) - \nabla F (\mathbf x_{n-1}) \right ] \right |}{\left \|\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n}) - \nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n-1}) \right \|^2}
$$

renders as

Example inline math $\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n})$ renders as $\nabla F(\mathbf{x}_{n})$.

Example multi-line math using the math linebreak (\\):

$$f(k;p_{0}^{*}) = \begin{cases}p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=1, \\
1-p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=0.\end{cases}$$

renders as

$$ f(k;p_{0}^{*}) = \begin{cases}p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=1, \\ 1-p_{0}^{*} & \text{if }k=0.\end{cases} $$

Code

HugoBlox Kit utilises Hugo’s Markdown extension for highlighting code syntax. The code theme can be selected in the config/_default/params.yaml file.

```python
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
data.head()
```

renders as

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
data.head()

Inline Images

{{< icon name="python" >}} Python

renders as

python Python

✅ Manage your projects

Tue, 23 Oct 1900 00:00:00 +0000

Easily manage your projects - create ideation mind maps, Gantt charts, todo lists, and more!

Ideation

Hugo Blox supports a Markdown extension for mindmaps.

Simply insert a Markdown code block labelled as markmap and optionally set the height of the mindmap as shown in the example below.

Mindmaps can be created by simply writing the items as a Markdown list within the markmap code block, indenting each item to create as many sub-levels as you need:


```markmap {height="200px"}
- Hugo Modules
  - Hugo Blox
  - netlify
  - netlify-cms
  - slides
```

renders as

- Hugo Modules
  - Hugo Blox
  - netlify
  - netlify-cms
  - slides

Diagrams

Hugo Blox supports the Mermaid Markdown extension for diagrams.

An example Gantt diagram:

```mermaid
gantt
section Section
Completed :done,    des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08
Active        :active,  des2, 2014-01-07, 3d
Parallel 1   :         des3, after des1, 1d
Parallel 2   :         des4, after des1, 1d
Parallel 3   :         des5, after des3, 1d
Parallel 4   :         des6, after des4, 1d
```

renders as

gantt section Section Completed :done, des1, 2014-01-06,2014-01-08 Active :active, des2, 2014-01-07, 3d Parallel 1 : des3, after des1, 1d Parallel 2 : des4, after des1, 1d Parallel 3 : des5, after des3, 1d Parallel 4 : des6, after des4, 1d

Todo lists

You can even write your todo lists in Markdown too:

- [x] Write math example
  - [x] Write diagram example
- [ ] Do something else

renders as

Write math example
- Write diagram example
Do something else

⚡️ Turn Jupyter Notebooks into Blog Posts

Sun, 15 Jul 1900 00:00:00 +0000

As a researcher or data scientist, your work often lives in Jupyter Notebooks. But sharing those insights effectively usually means taking screenshots, messy copy-pasting, or exporting to PDF.

Hugo Blox changes that. With the {{< notebook >}} shortcode, you can render your actual .ipynb files directly as beautiful, interactive blog posts or project pages. Keep your code, outputs, and narrative in one place.

Table of Contents

Why publish notebooks?

Tip

Reproducible Research: By publishing the actual notebook, you allow others to download and run your code, verifying your results and building upon your work.

No more screenshots – Render crisp code and vector plots directly from your source.
Theme consistent – Notebooks automatically adapt to your site’s theme (including dark mode).
Flexible sourcing – Display notebooks from your assets/ folder, page bundles, or even directly from a remote GitHub URL.
Interactive – Users can copy code blocks or download the full notebook to run locally.

Example: Data Science Workflow

Below is a live example of a notebook rendered right here in this post. Notice how the markdown, code, and outputs (text, HTML, and JSON) are all preserved and styled.

Launch Readiness Analysis

Python · Kernel: Python 3 · nbformat 4.5 · 6 cells

Download notebook

Language: Python
Version: 3.11
Kernel: Python 3 python3
nbformat: 4.5
Authors: HugoBlox Studio

Markdown

Ship Notebook Stories in Minutes

Hugo Blox Notebook renderer turns your .ipynb experiments into beautiful long-form posts. Use this sample to see how markdown, code, and outputs flow together.

Markdown

Drop notebooks inside assets/notebooks/ (or import them as page resources).
Reference them with {{</* notebook src="your.ipynb" */>}}.
Control code, outputs, metadata badges, and download links via shortcode params.

In [1]

demo quickstart

import math
accuracy = 0.982
print("Collecting data...")
print("Training notebook-ready block...")
print("Done!")
accuracy

Collecting data...
Training notebook-ready block...
Done!

0.982

In [2]

1
2

from IPython.display import HTML
HTML("<div style='font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif;'><strong>Launch Readiness:</strong> <span style='color:#22c55e;'>98.2% confidence</span><br><em>Notebook blocks are theme-aware and dark-mode friendly.</em></div>")

Launch Readiness: 98.2% confidence
Notebook blocks are theme-aware and dark-mode friendly.

In [3]

metrics

metrics = {
    'metrics': {
        'engagement_rate': 0.73,
        'read_time_minutes': 4.6,
        'subscribers': 1280
    }
}
metrics

{
  "metrics": {
    "engagement_rate": 0.73,
    "read_time_minutes": 4.6,
    "subscribers": 1280
  }
}

Markdown

Tip: Pair this block with Call-to-Action cards or the Embed shortcode to link to GitHub repos, datasets, or ARXIV preprints.

How to add a notebook

Save your notebook. Place your .ipynb file in assets/notebooks/ (for global access) or inside a page bundle (like content/blog/my-post/analysis.ipynb).
Add the shortcode. In any Markdown page, simply use: {{< notebook src="analysis.ipynb" >}}
Customize. You can hide code cells for non-technical audiences (show_code=false) or just show the output (show_outputs=true).

Important

Hugo Blox respects your privacy. Notebook rendering happens statically at build time—no third-party services required.

Next steps

Try it out: Drop one of your existing notebooks into this site and see how it looks.
Link your papers: Use the Embed shortcode to link your notebook to your latest arXiv preprint or GitHub repository.
Get help: Join the community on or check the .

Happy researching! 🚀

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. Enero 2026. Escuela de verano Eventos climáticos extremos: Impactos, adaptación y resiliencia desde un enfoque interdisciplinario. Santiago, Chile. Parte de las activides del , Santiago, Chile, 6-16 Enero 2026.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. November 2025. Curso Uso de R para análisis de datos espacio-temporales: aplicación a precipitación de CR2Met2.5. Santiago, Chile. Parte de las activides del , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. October 2025. Curso Uso de R para análisis de datos espacio-temporales: aplicación a datos diarios CR2Met2.5. Concepción, Chile. Parte de las activides del , Concepción, Chile, 20-25 October 2025.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2017. R.I.N° EXS17-0479. EduNexus International Summer School: Understanding and Modelling the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Temuco, Chile.

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Garcés-Figueroa, H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; (2025). Ahead of the Flood: Medium-Range Hydrological Forecasting for Southern Chilean Catchments (oral presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Baez-Villanueva, O.; Tolorza, V.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2025). Understanding soil memory: how antecedent moisture modulates streamflow responses to precipita on events (oral presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Muñoz Neira, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; (2025). Monitoreo operacional de las anomalías de humedad de suelo para Chile continental (poster presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Gimeno Molina, F.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Galleguillos, M.; Block, P. (2025). Soil mapping matters: Changes high streamflow simulations through spatial soil information (poster presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Figueiras, E.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Spennemann, Pablo C.; Galleguillos, M.; Salvia, M.; Baez Villanueva, Oscar M. (2025). Sequía a través del ciclo hidrológico: comprendiendo el tiempo de propagación a través de escalas temporales y paisajes del centro-sur de Chile (poster presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Torres, R.; Alvarez-Garreton, C.; Marinao, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2025). Caracterización y clasificación de pozos de agua subterránea en Chile (poster presentation). , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 3-7 November 2025. .
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Nu~{n}ez-Ibarra, D. ; Galleguillos, M. (2025). . EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-13801 . Abstract EGU24-21043 (poster presentation).
Garcés-Figueroa, H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2025). . EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-13525 . Abstract EGU25-13525 (oral presentation).
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. and Marinao Rivas, Rodrigo (2024). . Presented at AGU24 Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., 9-13 December 2024. . Abstract H41S-0770 (poster presentation).
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Gimeno, F.; Galleguillos, M.; Marinao, R. (2024). . 2024 International SWAT Conference, Strasbourg, France. . (oral presentation).
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Soto, C.; Tolorza, V. (2024). . EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria, 14-19 Apr 2024. . Abstract EGU24-21043 (poster presentation).
Gimeno, F.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Galleguillos, M.; Marinao, R. (2024). . EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria, 14-19 Apr 2024, . Abstract EGU24-12291 (poster presentation)
Soto, C.; Tolorza, V.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2023). . XVI Congreso Geológico Chileno, Santiago, Chile, 26/Nov-1/Dic 2023. doi:10.5281/zenodo.10340230.
Tolorza, V.; Mohr, C.H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Sotomayor, B.; Pobleto-Caballero, D.; Carretier, S.; Galleguillos-Torres, M. (2023). . XVI Congreso Geológico Chileno, Santiago, Chile, 26/Nov-1/Dic 2023. doi:10.5281/zenodo.10599900.
Baez, O. M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Miralles, D.G.; Beck, H.E.; Siegmund, J.F.; Álvarez-Garretón, C.; Verbist, K.; Garreaud, R.; Boisier, J.P.; Galleguillos, M. (2023). Uso de índices de sequía meteorológicos, de humedad del suelo y de nieve como proxies de la sequía hidrológica. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Seguel, O.; Galleguillos, M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Pfeiffer, M.; Casanova, G. (2023). Rol de los suelos de alta montaña en la reserva hidrológica de las cuencas. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Lema, F.; Mendoza, P.; Vásquez, N.; Mizukami, N.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Vargas, X. (2023). Análisis de sequías históricas y proyectadas en cuencas de diferente régimen hidrológico en Chile Central. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Grau, A.; Galleguillos, M.; Manuschevich, D.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Marinao, R. (2023). Evaluación de la provisión de agua bajo distintos escenarios futuros de cambio de uso del suelo en la cuenca de Cauquenes, Chile. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Soto, C.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Tolorza, V. (2023). Intensidad, Duración y Frecuencia de precipitaciones máximas en Chile utilizando productos grillados de precipitación de alta resolución espacial. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Saldivia, M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Boisier, J.P.; Galleguillos, M.; Álvarez-Garretón, C.; Galleguillos, M.; Lagos-Zuñiga, M. (2023). Comparación de métodos de corrección de sesgo basados en mapeo de cuantiles en la simulación hidrológica de la cuenca nivo-pluvial Mapocho en los Almendros. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Galleguillos, M; Seguel, O.; Fustos, I.; Faúndez, C.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Pérez-Quezada, J. (2023). The Role of Native Ecosystems in Water Transfers under a Drying Climate: From Pores to Catchments. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Nuñez, D..; Galleguillos, M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2023). Evaluación de la humedad de suelo estimada mediante productos grillados en la zona centro-sur de Chile. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Marinao-Rivas, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; (2023). Explorador de precipitaciones Mawün. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023.
Tolorza, V.; Mohr, C.H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Carretier S.; Galleguillos, M. (2023). Discrete disturbances, connectivity and a persistent drought at the Purapel catchment. , Santiago-Viña del Mar, Chile, 4-7 Sep 2023. .
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Marinao, R.; (2023). . International SWAT Conference 2023, Aarhus, Denmark, 28-30 Jun 2023.
Marinao, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; (2023). . International SWAT Conference 2023, Aarhus, Denmark, 28-30 Jun 2023.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Bernal Vallejos, S. (2023). , EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 Apr 2023, EGU23-16978, .
Marinao, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2023) (2023). EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 Apr 2023, EGU23-16995, .
Baez Villanueva, O. M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2023). . EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 Apr 2023, EGU23-16949, .
Lema, F.; Mendoza, P.; Vásquez, N.; Mizukami, N.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Vargas, X. (2023) (2023) EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 Apr 2023, EGU23-9349, .
Kreibich, H. and the Flood and drought paired event community: (2023). EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24-28 Apr 2023, EGU23-4932, .
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. and Bernal Vallejos, Sebastián (2022). . H12P-0873. Presented at 2022 AGU Fall Meeting, Chicago, IL, 12-16 Dec.
Marinao-Rivas, R. and Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2022). . H15M-0961. Presented at 2022 AGU Fall Meeting, Chicago, IL, 12-16 Dec.
Baez-Villanueva, O. M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Mendoza, P. A., McNamara, I., Beck, H. E., Thurner, J., Nauditt, A., Ribbe, L., and Thinh, N. X. (2022). , EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 May 2022, EGU22-10286, .
Marinao-Rivas, R. and Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2022). , EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 May 2022, EGU22-9902, .
Tolorza, V.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Mohr, C.; Sotomayor, B.; Poblete-Caballero, D.; Galleguillos, M. (2022). , EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 May 2022, EGU22-10839, .
Grau-Neira, A., Manuschevich, D., Galleguillos, M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., and Marinao, R. (2022). . EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 May 2022, EGU22-8141, .
Tolorza, V.; Poblete, D.; González, V.I.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Cabezas, J. Galleguillos, M. (2021). (PICO presentation). EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 19-30 Apr 2021, EGU21-13140, .
Chen, Y.; Sheng, Z. P.; Kunstmann, H.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2020). Session . 2020 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, CA, 7-11 Dec.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Soto, C.; Baez-Villanueva, O. M. (2020). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4-8 May 2020, EGU2020-21091, .
Alvarez-Garreton, C.D.; Beck, H.; Wood, E.F.; McVicar, T.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Baez-Villanueva, O.; Sheffield, J.; Karger, D. (2020). (PICO presentation). EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4-8 May 2020, EGU2020-10699, .
Baez-Villanueva, O. M.; McNamara, I.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Ribbe, L. (2020). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4-8 May 2020, EGU2020-11877, .
Beck, H.; McVicar, T.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Alvarez-Garreton, C.D.; Baez-Villanueva, O.; Sheffield, J.; Karger, D.; Wood, E.F. (2019). . Final paper number presented as poster at 2019 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, CA, 9-13 Dec. Session: H51V - Using Precipitation Data Sets and Quantifying Associated Uncertainties in Hydrometeorological and Climate Impact Applications. Abstract # 586472.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2019). On the impacts of Temperature to Chilean Droughts Using Ensemble Climate Projections (oral presentation). . San Luis de Potosí, México. November 2019. Session: Novel Approaches to Assess and Cope with Droughts in Data Scarce Regions, Abstract #194.
Baez-Villanueva, O. M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Ribbe, L.; Nauditt, A.; Giraldo-Osorio, J.D.; Birkel, C.; Verbist, K.; McNamara, I.; Thinh, N.X. (2019). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2019. 7-12 April 2019, Wien, Austria. HS7.2 Precipitation Modelling: uncertainty, variability, assimilation, ensemble simulation and downscaling. Abstract EGU2019-10659.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Baez-Villanueva, O. (2018). (oral presentation). Final paper number presented at 2018 Fall Meeting, AGU, Washington, D.C., 10-14 Dec. Session: H52C (Global Precipitation Measurement, Validation, and Applications II). Abstract #455831.
Hann, H., Nauditt, A., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Ribbe, L. (2018). (oral presentation). Final paper number presented at 2018 Fall Meeting, AGU, Washington, D.C., 10-14 Dec. Session: H32B (Advances in Remote Sensing Hydrology II). Abstract #410946.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Galleguillos, M.; Puelma, C.; Munro, J. (2018). . Proc. Joint conference Forests and Water 2018. November 2018. Valdivia, Chile. (oral presentation).
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2018). . Proc. SPIE 10782, Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Atmosphere, Oceans, and Interactions VII, October 2018. 1078202. DOI: 10.1117/12.2513645. Honolulu, USA. (oral presentation).
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.; Galleguillos, M.; Garreaud, R.; Puelma, C.; Jopia, A. (2018). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2018. 8-13 April 2018. Wien, Austria. Session HS4.4, Abstract EGU2018-11460.
Galleguillos, M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Puelma, C. (2018). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2018. 8-13 April 2018. Wien, Austria. Session HS2.4.1, Abstract EGU2018-12036.
Nauditt, A., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Hann, H., Thurner, J., Ribbe, L. (2018). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2018. 8-13 April 2018. Wien, Austria. Session HS4.4, Abstract EGU2018-18702.
Alvarez-Garreton, C., Mendoza, P., Boisier, J.P., Galleguillos, M. Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Lara, A., Addor, N., Puelma, C., Cortes, G., Garreaud, R., McPhee, J. (2018). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2018. 8-13 April 2018. Wien, Austria. Session HS1.10, Abstract EGU2018-2374.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., L. Alfieri, G. Naumann, R. Garreaud. (2017). (oral presentation). Final paper number , presented at 2017 Fall Meeting, AGU, New Orleans, 11-15 Dec. Session: H11O (Hydroclimatic Extremes: Drought I). Abstract #268147. .
Baez Villanueva, O.M., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Ribbe, L., Nauditt, A., Rebolledo Coy, M.A., Thinh, N.X., Bartz-Beielstein, T. (2017). (oral presentation). Final paper number , presented at 2017 Fall Meeting, AGU, New Orleans, 11-15 Dec. Session: H52G (Remote Sensing and Modeling of the Terrestrial Water Cycle II). Abstract #250312.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Nauditt, A., Birkel, C., Verbist, K. and Ribbe, L. (2017). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2017. 23-28 April 2017. Wien, Austria, EGU2017-10425. .
Zambrano-Bigiarini M.. (2017). ( . EGU General Assembly 2017. 23-28 April 2017. Wien, Austria, EGU2017-18343. .
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., R. Garreaud. (2016). (poster presentation). Final paper number , presented at 2016 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, 12-16 Dec. Session: H21D (Drought: Monitoring, Prediction, and Links to Evapotranspiration and Evaporative Demand III Posters). Abstract #162980. .
Zambrano-Bigiarini M. (2014). (oral presentation). XXVI Congreso Latinoamericano de Hidráulica (Hidrolatam 2014). August 2014. Santiago, Chile, Session O-2.1, O-060. ID:521).
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Z. Zajce, P. Salamon. (2013). (poster presentation), presented at 2013 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, 9-13 Dec, Session: H43E, Abstract #H51R-06).
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Z. Zajce, S. Tarantola. (2013). . 7th International Conference on Sensitivity Analysis of Model Output, MASCOT-SAMO 2013. July 2013. Nice, France.
Thiemig V., Rojas R., Zambrano-Bigiarini M. and De Roo A. (2013). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2013. 7-12 April 2013. Wien, Austria
Rojas, R., Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., September 2012. hydroPSO: A model-independent R package for calibration of environmental models (poster presentation). hydroPredict 2012. Wien, Austria.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Rojas, R., April 2012. (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2017. 22-27 April 2012. Wien, Austria.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Bellin, A., (2012). (poster presentation). EGU General Assembly 2017. 22-27 April 2012. Wien, Austria.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Majone, B., Bellin, A., Bovolo, C. I., Blenkinsop, S., Fowler, H.J., (2010). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2010. 2-7 May 2010. Wien, Austria.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Bellin, A., (2010). (oral presentation). EGU General Assembly 2010. 2-7 May 2010. Wien, Austria.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M., Majone, B., Bellin, A., Bovolo, C. I., Blenkinsop, S. (2009). Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change: A Case Study on the Ebro Basin (Spain) (oral presentation), presented at 2009 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, 14-18 Dec.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M. (2009). (oral presentation). Use R! 2009 Conference. July 2009. Rennes, France.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Bellin A., Majone B., Bovolo, C.I., Blenkinsop, S., Fowler, H.J., Burton, A. (2009). Hydrological Impact of Climate Change on the Ebro Basin: Attempting an Integrated approach at a Large Scale (poster presentation). Aquaterra Final Assembly. March 2009. Tübingen, Germany.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Bellin A. (2008). Hydrological Impact of Climate Change on a Complex Basin: Ebro, Spain (oral presentation). Aquaterra General Assambly. April 2008. Kracow, Poland.

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Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. November 2025. . ". Organized by the Sanitation Services Concessionaire Company S.A. (ECONSSA Chile). 26 de Noviembre 2025, Santiago, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. November 2025. . III Regional Climate Change Seminar. Organised by the Regional Environmental Secretariat (SEREMI) of the Araucanía Region, the Regional Government of the Araucanía Region, the Catholic University of Temuco, and EBP. 21 de Noviembre 2025, Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2021. ODS6 y el Ciclo Integrado del Agua. Workshop “Avanzando hacia el ODS 6 en un contexto de cambio climático: brechas, desafı́os y oportunidades para una gobernanza integrada del agua en Chile”. Virtual event organised by the Center of Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2. 23 de Septiembre 2021, Virtual, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2021. Uso de datos grillados para mejorar la comprensión de los procesos hidrológicos a escala de cuenca. Organised by the Asociación Internacional de Hidrogeólogos (AIH) Capı́tulo Chileno. 01 de Septiembre 2021, Virtual, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. July 2021. Sequía en Araucanía: diagnóstico y desafíos. Virtual Semminar Cambio global y recursos hídricos: experiencias y desafíos. Organised by the Universidad de La Frontera. 30 de Julio 2021, Virtual, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. June 2021. Panelist in the Conversatorio Wiñoy Xipantv y Cambio Climático. Virtual event organised by the Museo de Historia Natural de Concepción (MHNC), Museo Mapuche Cañete Ruka Kimvn Taiñ Volil Juan Cayupi Huechicura, and Subdirección de Pueblos Orginarios (SUBPO). 26 de Junio de 2021.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. November 2019. Cambio climático y recursos hídricos:impactos y desafíos para la educación en la Araucanía. Regional workshop “Seminario de Educación Ambiental y Cambio Climático”. Organised by SEREMI de Medio Ambiente de la región de la Araucanía. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. November 2019. . Revista . Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. July 2019. . Regional workshop “Desafío regional de cambio climático en La Araucanía”. Organised by SEREMI de Medio Ambiente de la región de la Araucanía. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. August 2018. Ingeniería Civil: desde las matemáticas hasta el estudio de sequías e inundaciones. Proyecto . Organised by CONICYT. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2017. ¿Sequía en la Araucanía?. Feria de Investigación FIUFRO 2017. Organised by Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2017. R.I.N° EXS17-0365. Sequía en Chile: conceptos y situación actual (oral presentation). Regional Workshop Carretera hídrica: oportunidades productivas para la región de la Araucanía. Organised by Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias de la Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. July 2017. R.I.N° EXS17-0310. Cambio Climático y sequía: proyecciones para Chile y la Araucanía (oral presentation). International Workshop Impacto del cambio climático sobre los recursos naturales: desafíos y experiencias en la implementación de planes de adaptación. Organised by SEREMI del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2017. R.I.N° EXT17-0073 (collaborator). Evaluación preliminar de los efectos del cambio climático sobre la disponibilidad de agua en la cuenca del río Picoiquen. Un aporte al Acuerdo Voluntario de Gestión de la Cuenca. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. October 2016. Agua en la Araucanía: Situación actual, proyecciones futuras y desafíos para el MOP (oral presentation). Workshop Plan Chile 30/30 Obras Públicas y Agua para el año 2030. Organised by Ministerio de Obras Públicas Región de la Araucanía. Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2015. R.I.N° EXS15-0145. Recursos Hídricos en la Araucanía (oral presentation). Local Workshop Seminario Día Mundial del Agua. Organised by Centro de Gestión y Tecnología del Agua. Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile.

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Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2020. . Entrevista Radio Concierto, programa “Mañana será otro día”. 8 de Enero 2020. Bloque entre 07:00 y 08:00, desde el minuto 41:40 en adelante.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2020. . Conversación sobre plataforma web Mawün e Hidrología, en programa Rocadictos. 23 de Septiembre 2020.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2019. . Columna escrita en respuesta al reportaje . Diario Austral, Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. September 2019. . Columna escrita con ocasión del Día Mundial del Agua. Diario El Mostrador, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. March 2019. . Columna escrita con ocasión del Día Mundial del Agua. Diario Austral, Temuco, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. March 2019. . Columna escrita con ocasión del Día Mundial del Agua. CodexVerde, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. October 2017. Impactos del cambio global: sequía en Chile (oral presentation). XX Congreso de Estudiantes de Ingeniería Civil. Organised by Asociación Nacional de Estudiantes de Ingeniería Civil. Viña del Mar. Chile. Viña del Mar. Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. March 2017. Estimaciones satelitales de precipitación en Chile: estado actual y posibles aplicaciones (oral presentation). Dirección General de Aguas, Ministerio de Obras Públicas. Santiago, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2016. Estimaciones satelitales de precipitación en Chile y otros datos públicos útiles para análisis hidrológico (oral presentation). Escuela de Verano UC Agua y agricultura, desafíos del futuro. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. January 2016. Sequía: conceptos, monitoreo e investigación en la Araucanía. Seminario Gestión efectiva de los recursos hídricos: alianzas Universidad - Sector público (oral presentation). Organised by the Centro de Gestión y Tecnología del Agua de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias de la Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile.

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Núñez, D.; Galleguillos, M.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. (2022). Evaluación de la humedad de suelo estimada mediante productos grillados en la zona centro-sur de Chile. XIV Congreso Nacional de la Ciencia del Suelo. Valdivia, Chile, 22-25 November 2021.
Soto Escobar, C.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2021). Construcción de curvas IDF en alta resolución espacial para la zona Centro-Sur de Chile. . Santiago (Virtual), Chile. 13-15 October 2021.
Burgos Victoriano, B.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2021). Evaluación del impacto del cambio climático en el caudal de salida de una subcuenca del río Trancura, en base a proyecciones climáticas globales de alta y super alta resolución. . Santiago (Virtual), Chile. 13-15 October 2021.
Marinao Rivas, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2021). Impacto de una calibración multiobjetivo en la incerteza predictiva de una cuenca pluvio-nival. . Santiago (Virtual), Chile. 13-15 October 2021.
Munro Gormaz, J.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2021). ¿Qué rol juega la geomorfología y los factores climatológicos en la propagación de sequía meteorológica a hidrológica? Análisis en Chile centro-sur durante el siglo XXI. . Santiago (Virtual), Chile. 13-15 October 2021.
Bernal Vallejos, S.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2021). Análisis del comportamiento histórico de eventos extremos de precipitación y temperatura en Chile mediante el cálculo de índices CLIMDEX. . Santiago (Virtual), Chile. 13-15 October 2021.
Marinao Rivas, R.; Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2020). Una metodología flexible y de código abierto para evaluar el desempeño de productos de precipitación en la simulación de caudales en la zona Centro-Sur de Chile. . Santiago, Chile. 11-12 November 2020.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2019). Evaluación espacio-temporal de las estimaciones satelitales de precipitación IMERGv05-F sobre los diferentes climas y la compleja topografía de Chile (oral presentation). Workshop “Gestión Eficiente del Recurso Hídrico, un desafío frente al Cambio Climático”, 28 Jun, Vallenar, Chile.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M. and Nistal, M. (2017). in Al-Saidi, Mohammad, Ribbe, Lars (Eds.) “Nexus Outlook: assessing resource use challenges in the water, energy and food nexus”. Nexus Research Focus, TH-Köln, University of Applied Sciences.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2016). Recursos hídricos en Chile: desafíos actuales y futuros. Charla por el día del Agua. Universidad de La Frontera Temuco, Chile (oral presentation). March.
Zambrano-Bigiarini, M.. (2016). Modelo SWAT 2012: Descripción, aplicaciones y un ejemplo en Chile. Estimaciones satelitales de precipitación y otros datos públicos útiles para análisis hidrológico. Escuela de Verano UC “Agua y agricultura, desafíos del futuro”. Santiago, Chile (oral presentation). January.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M.. (2015). . International Symposium Hidrología Andina para el Manejo de los Recursos Hídricos: Conceptos y Herramientas. Santiago, Chile (oral presentation). doi:10.5281/zenodo.34228. November.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M.. (2015). . International Symposium Hidrología Andina para el Manejo de los Recursos Hídricos: Conceptos y Herramientas. Santiago, Chile (oral presentation). doi:10.5281/zenodo.34219. November
Zambrano-Bigiarini M.. (2014). . International Expert Symposium Coping with Droughts. Santiago, Chile (oral presentation). November.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M. (2014). . XIII Jornadas de Hidráulica. Concepción, Chile (oral presentation). October.

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Zajac, Z., Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Salomon P., Burek P., Gentile A., Bianchi A. (2013). Calibration of the LISFLOOD hydrological model for Europe. Calibration Round 2013. European Union 2013.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Majone B., Bellin A., Bovolo C. I., Blenkinsop S., (2009). Calibration of the hydrological model on the Ebro River basin, and interpretations of predictive climatic scenarios. EU FP6 Aquaterra deliverable C3.11.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Bellin A. (2008). GEOTRANSF applications to the Ebro River basin (analysis of data consistency and conceptual model). EU FP6 Aquaterra deliverable C3.5.
Zambrano-Bigiarini M., Bellin A., Majone B. (2007). Intermediate data collection for the entire Ebro River basin. EU FP6 Aquaterra deliverable C3.4.
Zambrano, M., Pagliero, L., Rojas, R. and Gangas. A. M. (2005). MAGIC: Modelación analítica, genérica e integrada de cuencas. Dirección General de Aguas. Reporte Técnico S.I.T. No 107, pp 178, Santiago, Chile.
Zambrano H., Gangas, A., San Martín, A. (2005). Modelación de calidad de las aguas superficiales y subterráneas del valle del río Aconcagua. En: Actas del VII Congreso Sociedad de Química y Toxicología Ambiental, América Latina (SETAC-LA). Santiago. Chile.
Salazar C., Gangas, A. M., Zambrano, M. Caro, M. A. (2004). Modelo de simulación de escorrentía diaria para cuencas pluviales SIMED: calibración y validación en la cuenca del río Purapel, VII región. Manual Técnico, Dirección General de Aguas. Reporte Técnico S.I.T. No 93, pp164. Santiago, Chile.
Zambrano M., Pagliero, L., Rojas, R., Gangas, A., (2003). . Vertiente, 8 (1), 39-44. Santiago, Chile.
Salazar C., Pagliero L., Gangas, A. M., Zambrano M., Orphanóupoulos, D., Isensee, P. (2002). Análisis del Desarrollo de los Recursos Hídricos Cuenca del Río Aconcagua. Manual Técnico, Dirección General de Aguas. Reporte Técnico S.I.T. No 79, pp84, Santiago, Chile.

Buttons

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A modern, customizable button shortcode with gradient styling, icons, and smart link handling.

Basic Usage

Visit External Site

The above buttons are created with:

{{< button url="/contact" >}}Contact Us{{< /button >}}

{{< button url="https://example.com" new_tab="true" style="secondary" >}}Visit External Site{{< /button >}}

Style Variants

Primary (Default)

Primary Button

{{< button url="#" style="primary" >}}Primary Button{{< /button >}}

Secondary

Secondary Button

{{< button url="#" style="secondary" >}}Secondary Button{{< /button >}}

Outline

Outline Button

{{< button url="#" style="outline" >}}Outline Button{{< /button >}}

Ghost

Ghost Button

{{< button url="#" style="ghost" >}}Ghost Button{{< /button >}}

Sizes

Extra Large

{{< button url="#" size="sm" >}}Small Button{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" size="md" >}}Medium Button{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" size="lg" >}}Large Button{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" size="xl" >}}Extra Large{{< /button >}}

Alignment

Left (Default)

Left Aligned

Center

Center Aligned

Right

Right Aligned

{{< button url="#" align="left" >}}Left Aligned{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" align="center" >}}Center Aligned{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" align="right" >}}Right Aligned{{< /button >}}

With Icons

Icon Before Text

Download

Icon After Text

Continue

{{< button url="#" icon="arrow-down-tray" >}}Download{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" icon="arrow-right" icon_position="right" >}}Continue{{< /button >}}

Rounded Corners

Small Radius

Medium Radius (Default)

Medium Radius

Large Radius

Pill Shape

Pill Button

{{< button url="#" rounded="sm" >}}Small Radius{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" rounded="md" >}}Medium Radius{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" rounded="lg" >}}Large Radius{{< /button >}}
{{< button url="#" rounded="full" >}}Pill Button{{< /button >}}

Advanced Examples

Call-to-Action Button

Get Started Today

{{< button url="/signup" style="primary" size="lg" align="center" icon="rocket-launch" >}}Get Started Today{{< /button >}}

External Link with New Tab

View on GitHub

{{< button url="https://github.com/hugo-blox/kit" new_tab="true" style="outline" icon="arrow-top-right-on-square" icon_position="right" >}}View on GitHub{{< /button >}}

Download Button

Download PDF

{{< button url="/files/document.pdf" style="secondary" icon="document-arrow-down" rounded="full" >}}Download PDF{{< /button >}}

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Default	Description
`url`	string	`#`	Required. Button destination URL (internal or external)
`text`	string	Inner content	Button text (overrides shortcode content)
`new_tab`	boolean	`false`	Whether to open link in new tab
`style`	string	`primary`	Button style: `primary`, `secondary`, `outline`, `ghost`
`size`	string	`md`	Button size: `sm`, `md`, `lg`, `xl`
`align`	string	`left`	Button alignment: `left`, `center`, `right`
`icon`	string	-	Icon name from
`icon_position`	string	`left`	Icon position: `left`, `right`
`rounded`	string	`md`	Border radius: `sm`, `md`, `lg`, `xl`, `full`
`disabled`	boolean	`false`	Whether button should be disabled

Security Features

The button shortcode automatically handles security for external links:

External links get rel="noreferrer" attribute
External links opening in new tab get rel="noopener noreferrer"
Internal links opening in new tab get rel="noopener"

This ensures safe navigation while maintaining functionality.

Accessibility

The button shortcode includes built-in accessibility features:

Proper role="button" attribute
aria-label support
Keyboard focus indicators
High contrast focus rings
Disabled state handling

Callouts

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Hugo Blox supports GitHub and Obsidian-style Markdown callouts for maximum compatibility and content portability.

Callouts are a useful feature to draw attention to important or related content such as notes, hints, or warnings in your articles.

Usage

Basic Callout Types

Hugo Blox supports all 15+ callout types from :

Information & Notes:

> [!NOTE]  
> This is a note callout with important information that users should know.

Note

This is a note callout with important information that users should know.

> [!INFO]
> Alternative info callout - same styling as NOTE.

Info

Alternative info callout - same styling as NOTE.

> [!ABSTRACT]
> Use for abstracts, summaries, or TL;DR sections.

Abstract

Use for abstracts, summaries, or TL;DR sections.

Actions & Tasks:

> [!TODO]
> This is something that needs to be done.

Todo

This is something that needs to be done.

> [!TIP]
> Here's a helpful tip to make your workflow more efficient!

Tip

Here’s a helpful tip to make your workflow more efficient!

> [!SUCCESS]
> Great job! This operation completed successfully.

Success

Great job! This operation completed successfully.

Questions & Interactive:

> [!QUESTION]
> What do you think about this approach? Let us know!

Question

What do you think about this approach? Let us know!

> [!EXAMPLE]
> Here's a practical example of how to implement this feature.

Example

Here’s a practical example of how to implement this feature.

> [!QUOTE]
> "The best way to predict the future is to invent it." - Alan Kay

Quote

“The best way to predict the future is to invent it.” - Alan Kay

Warnings & Errors:

> [!WARNING]
> Be careful! This action might have unexpected consequences.

Warning

Be careful! This action might have unexpected consequences.

> [!CAUTION]
> Danger! This operation is irreversible and could cause data loss.

Caution

Danger! This operation is irreversible and could cause data loss.

> [!IMPORTANT]
> This is critical information that users must understand to proceed.

Important

This is critical information that users must understand to proceed.

> [!DANGER]
> This is extremely dangerous - proceed with extreme caution!

Danger

This is extremely dangerous - proceed with extreme caution!

> [!FAILURE]
> This operation failed. Check your configuration and try again.

Failure

This operation failed. Check your configuration and try again.

> [!BUG]
> Known issue: This feature doesn't work properly in Safari < 14.

Bug

Known issue: This feature doesn’t work properly in Safari < 14.

Custom Titles

You can customize the title of any callout:

> [!WARNING]+ Custom Warning Title
> This warning has a custom title instead of just "Warning".

Custom Warning Title

This warning has a custom title instead of just “Warning”.

Legacy Syntax (Deprecated)

The old shortcode syntax still works but shows a deprecation warning:

{{< callout note >}}
This still works but is deprecated. Use the Markdown syntax above!
{{< /callout >}}

CSS Customization

Hugo Blox generates callouts with semantic CSS classes and data attributes, making customization easy. Each callout has:

Base class: .callout
Type-specific data attribute: data-callout="note"
Component classes: .callout-icon, .callout-title, .callout-content, .callout-body

Custom CSS Example (add to your assets/css/custom.css):

/* Customize NOTE callouts */
.callout[data-callout="note"] {
  border-left-width: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
}

/* Make SUCCESS callouts pulse */
.callout[data-callout="success"] {
  animation: pulse 2s infinite;
}

/* Custom icon styling */
.callout-icon svg {
  transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.callout:hover .callout-icon svg {
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* Dark mode overrides */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  .callout[data-callout="warning"] {
    background-color: rgb(92 25 2);
    border-color: rgb(245 158 11);
  }
}

This approach matches , ensuring your styles work across platforms.

Benefits of the New Syntax

Portable: Works with GitHub, Obsidian, and other Markdown editors
Standard: Uses widely-adopted Markdown callout syntax
Clean: No Hugo-specific shortcodes needed
Future-proof: Supported by the latest Hugo versions (0.132.0+)
Customizable: Semantic CSS classes and data attributes for easy styling
Complete: All 15+ Obsidian callout types supported
Multilingual: Callout titles are automatically translated based on your site’s language (and can be customized in the language packs)

Cards

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

A Hugo extension to create cards. Cards can be shown as links or as plain text.

Usage

Learn Shortcodes A card without an icon or link

is rendered by:

{{< cards >}}
  {{< card url="../callout" title="Callout" icon="academic-cap" >}}
  {{< card url="" title="A card without an icon" >}}
{{< /cards >}}

Options

Parameter	Description
`icon`	Name of the icon. Defaults to
`title`	Title heading for the card.
`subtitle`	Subtitle heading (supports Markdown).
`url`	URL

Internationalization (i18n)

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Hugo Blox enables you to easily edit the interface text as well as translating your site into multiple languages using Hugo’s feature.

View the full docs at

Spoilers

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

A Hugo shortcode to toggle collapsible content.

Example

Click to view the spoiler

You found me!

Markdown is supported.

Usage

{{< spoiler text="Click to view the spoiler" >}}

This is the content of the details.

Markdown is **supported**.

{{< /spoiler >}}

Steps

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Display a series of steps, such as for a tutorial.

Example

Step 1

The first step here…

Step 2

The second step here…

Step 3

The third step here…

Usage

Use the Markdown level-3 headings to represent step titles within the steps shortcode:

{{% steps %}}

### Step 1

The first step here...

### Step 2

The second step here...

### Step 3

The third step here...

{{% /steps %}}

Dr. Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini

Getting Started

Quick Start from Template

Create a site

Configure your new site

Add your content

Publish your site

Next

Customizing Hugo

Project Structure

Folder Structure

Hugo File Naming Convention

Docs Navigation

Configuration

Full Documentation

Navigation

Menu

Left Sidebar

Extra Links

Right Sidebar

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